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SHORTER CATECHISM; 


oy 
EXERCI 


ON THE 


IN WHICH 


THE ANSWERS ARE MINUTELY DISSECTED, 
AND, 


BY A PARAPHRASE AND EXPLANATORY NOTES, 
MAY BE EXPLAINED AND RE-CONSTRUCTED 
BY THE LEARNER. 


TO WHICH ARE ADDED 
SELECT PROOFS 


AND THE WHOLE REVISED BY THE COMMITTEE OF 


PUBLICATION. 


First American, from the Sixth Edinburgh Edition. 


BOSTON: 


MASSACHUSETTS SABBATH SCHOOJ, SOCIETY, 
Depository No. 13 Cornhill. 


1840. 


ENTERED ACCORDING TO ACT OF CONGRESS, IN THE YEAR 1835, 
BY C. C. DEAN, 
IN THE CLERK’S OFFICE OF THE DISTRICT COURT OF MASSA 
CHUSETTS. 


MANNER OF USING THE FOLLOWING 
EXERCISES. 


TuereE has Leen no plan yet adopted, which in experience has 
been found so successfu! in teaching children the meaning of 
the Shorter Catechism, as the following.—By means of the 
Exercises, it breaks down the answers into fragments so 
small, that children are capable of easily comprehending each; 
while the Explanations, and the re-constructing of the answer 
by means of the Paraphrase, gradually render the whole well 
understood. The child should, therefore, prepare his task at 
home, by asking himself all the questions in the exercise, the 
answers to which he should be able readily to give before be- 
ing examined by his teacher. He should be able also to give 
the explanations of all the difficult words and phrases as found 
in the notes at the foot of the pages; and he ought not only to 
be able to do all this, but also to form the Explanations into a 
paraphrase, first in parts, and then of the whole answer, as ex- 
emplified below. 


24th Question Dissected, with its Evercise. 


1. Christ 5. To us, 9. The rwilz 
2. Executeth the office 6. By his 10, Of God 

3. Of a prophet, in 7. Word 11. For our 

4, Revealing 8. And Spirit, 12. Salvation, 


What does Christ reveal? (Answered by Nos. 9 and 10.) 
Whose will does Christ reveal? 10, 

Who reveals the will of God? 1, 

To whom does Christ reveal the will of God 2 5. 

In which of his offices does Christ reveal the will of God? 2. 
By what means does Christ reveal the will of God? 6, 7, 8 
What does Christ do by his word ? 4, 9, 10. 

Whose will does Christ reveal by his word? 9, 10, 


\ 


! 


4 MANNER OF USING THE EXERCISES. 


By whose Spirit does Christ reveal the will of God? 6, 

What does Christ do by the operation of his Spirit? 4, 9, 10, 

For what purpose does Christ reveal to us the will of God ? 11, 12, 
For whose salvation does Christ reveal the will of God? 11, 

What does Christ do for our salvation ? 4, 9, 10. 


The Explanations of the words in the above answer, printed 
in Italics, are given in the notes thus: 

Revealing, Making known.—His Word, The Bible.—Spirit, The 
gracious influences and workings of the Holy Spirit.— W222, Intentions. 
—Salvation, Deliverance. 


The paraphrase is then formed, first in parts, and afterwards 
as a whole, in this manner: 


Christ executeth the office of a Prophet, in {making known] to us, 
by [the Bible] and [the gracious influences and workings of the Holy 
Spirit,] ze [intentions] of God for our [deliverance.] 


EXERCISES % 


ON THE 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


The words printed in Italics at the foot of each page, show what words 
in each of the Answers are explained; and by substituting 
the explanations for the words explained, the 
Paraphrase is formed. 


Q.1. WHAT is the chief end of man? 
A. Man’s chief end* is to glorify God,} and to enjoy 
himt forever. 
Whom is man to glorify ? Whose chief end is the glori- 
Whom is man to enjoy ? fying and enjoying of God ? 
For how long does God in-} What is the glorifying and en- 
tend that man should enjoy} joying of God to man? 
him? What is man to do to God? 


* Eccl. 12: 13. Fear God, and keep his commandments: for this is 
the whole duty of man. Rom. 14: 8,—+1 Cor. 10: 31.—Col. 3: 17.— 
1Deut. 12: 18. Thou shalt rejoice before the Lord thy God in all that 
thou puttest thy hands unto. ' Ps. 73:25. 104: 33. 


Q. 2. What rule hath God given to direct us how we may 
glorify and enjoy him ? 

A. The Word of God,* which is contained in the Scrip- 
tures of the Old and New Testament, is the only rule} to 
direct us how we may glorify and enjoy him. 


What has been given to man}How many Testaments are 
as the rule by which he isto} there? 


florify and enjoy God? Whose word are the Scriptures 
Where is the word of God con-3 of the Old and New Testa- 
tained ? +» ment? 


1. Man’s chief end, The principal design for which man was made, 
and which he ought constantly and chiefly to seek after.—T7'o glorify 
God, To become acquainted with, to exhibit in his life, and to declare 
unto others, the perfections of God.— Enjoy him, To derive all his com- 
oe and happiness from the conscious possession of God’s favor and 

ove. 

2. Word of God, Revelation of God’s will.—Scriptures, Writings. 
—Rule, Guide.—Direct us, Give us information —(Fer the words glo- 
rify and enjoy, see 2. li 

1 


6 EXERCISES ON THE 


Whats the Word of God tous?$ God has given us ? 

What is the use of this rule} Who are to be directe 1 by this 
given us by God? rule? 

How gel rules are there?. $Whom are we to glorify and 

What is that only rule which} enjoy by this rule? 

*2 Tim. 3:16. All Scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is 
profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in 
righteousness. 2 Pet. 1: 21.—fJer. 10: 23. The way of man is not 
in himself: it is not in man that walketh to direct his steps. Is. 8: 20. 
To the law and to the testimoay: if they speak not according to this 
word, it is because there is no light inthem. Ps. 19: 7. The law of 
the Lord is perfect, converting the soul: the testimony of the Lord is 
sure, making wise the simple. 

Q. 3. What do the Scriptures eA toa be teach ? 

A. The Scriptures principally teach* what man is to 
believe concerning God, and what duty God requires of 
man. i 


How many things do the} which the Scriptures princi- 

Scriptures principally teach?} pally teach ? 

What is the first thing which} Who requires certain duties 
the Scriptures principally} from man? 

teach ? What does God require from 
Whom are they intended to} man? 

teach ? From whom does God require 
Concerning whom do they} duties? ~ 

teach ? How do we come to the know- 
What is the second thing: ledge of our duty’? 

*2 Tim. 3: 15. From a child thou hast known the holy Scriptures, 
which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which is 
in Christ Jesus. John 5: 39. Search the Scriptures; for in them ye 
think ye have eternal life: and they are they which testify of me. Luke 
24: 27, And beginning at Moses and all the prophets, he expounded 
unto them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself. Rev. 
19: 10, For the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy, Acts 
10; 43, To him give all the prophets witness. 

Q.4. What is God ? 

A. God is a Spirit, infinite, eternal, and unchangeable, 
in his being, wisdom, power, holiness, justice, goodness 
and truth.* 


3. Scriptures, Holy Writings, composed under the direction of God 
—Principally teach, Teach chiefly, and in preference to their othe 
lessons.—Concerning God, About what God is, and what he has done, 
—Duty, Obedience in heart and life. 

4. Spirit, Thinking being, without material substance, or bodily parts, 
—Infinite, Without bounds or limits.—Zternal, who never had a be 


Ak 


SHORTE!. CATECHISM. | 


What Spirit is infinite, eternal, } What is God in his being ? 


and unchangeable ? $ What is God in his wisdom ? 
In what is God infinite, eter-$ &c.-&e. 
nal, and unchangeable ? . 


* John 4: 24. God is a Spirit; and they that worship him, must wor- 
ship him in spirit and in truth. Job 11: 7, Canst thou by searching 
find out God? Canst thou find out the Almighty unto perfection? Acts 
17: 29. We ought not to think that the Godhead is like unto gold, or 
silver, or stone graven by art or man’s device. Rom. 1:20. For the 
invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, 
being understood by the things that are made, even his eternal power 
and Godhead; so that they are without excuse. 


Q. 5. Are there more Gods than one ? 
A. There is but one* only, the living and true God. 


Of what is there but one? How many living and true 
What is this one God said to$ Gods are there? 

be? 

* Deut. 6:4. Hear, O Israel. The Lord our God is one Lord. 1 
Cor. 8: 4. There is none other Gad but one, v. 6. To us there is one 
God, the Father, of whom are all things. Isa. 45:22. Look unto me, 
and be ye saved, all the ends of the earth: for I am God, and there is 
none else. 

(). 6. How many persons are there in the Godhead ? 

A. There are three* persons in the Godhead, the Father, 
the Son, and the Holy Ghost; and these three are onet 
God, the same in substance, equal{ in power and glory. 


What number of persons are { Who is the third person in the 


there in the Godhead ? Godhead ? 
Of what are there three in the} How many Gods do the three 
Godhead ? persons in the Godhead 
Who is the first person in the} make? 
Godhead ? Who are but one God ? 
Who is the second person in} Who are the three persons in 
the Godhead ? the Godhead ? 


ginning, and who shall never have an end.— Unchangeable, Who never 
changes, but remains always the same.—Jn his being, In his very na- 
ture, and in the manner in which he exists.— Wisdom, In his knowing 
all things, and always judging rightly.— Power, In his ability to do any 
thing, and every thing.--Holiness, In his purity and freedom from sin. 
—Justice, In his uprightness and equity in giving to every one what is 
his due.-—Goodness, In his showing kindness, and conferring benefits 
Sa pt iy adn In his opposition and hatred to what is false and 
eigned, 

6. Persons, Distinct individuals.—Godhead, The divine nature.— 
Substance, Being, or existence.—Equal, Exactly alike, or the same. 


8 EXERCISES ON THE 


In what are the three per- 
sons in the Godhead the 
same ? 

Who. are the same in sub- 
stance ? 

What are the Father, Son, 
and Holy Ghost, in sub- 
stance ? 


In what are the Father, Son, 
and Holy Ghost, equal 2 

Who are equal in power ? 

What are the three persons in 
the Godhead in power? 

What are the three persons in 
the Godhead in glory ? 


{Who are equal in glory ? 


*1 John 5: 7. For there are three that bear record in heaven, the 
Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost: and these three are one.— 


+ Deut. 6: 4.—-1 Mat. 28: 


baptizing them in the name of the Father, 


Holy Ghost. 


19. Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, 


and of the Son, and of the 


Q. 7. What are the decrees of God? 

A. The decrees of God are his eternal purpose,* ac- 
cording to the counsel of his willt whereby, for his own 
glory, he hath fore-ordained} whatsoever comes to pass. 


What are God’s eternal pur- 
oses called ? 

Whose decrees are these eter- 
nal purposes ? 

When were God’s purposes 
formed ? 

Whose purposes are God’s 
decrees ? 

What are God’s decrees said 
to be? 

According to what were the 
purposes of God formed ? 
According to the counsel of 
whose will were the pur- 

poses of God formed ? 

What were formed according 
to the counsel of God’s 
will? 


What has God done by his 
decrees ? 

What hath God fore-ordained? 

Who heath fore-ordained what- 
soever comes to pass ? 

For what purpose hath God 
fore-ordaine whatsoever 
comes to pass ? 

For whose glory hath God 
fore-ordained whatsoever 
comes to pass ? 

What has God done for his 
own glory? 

By what hath God fore-or- 
dained whatsoever comes to 


ass? 
What did God do by his decree 
from eternity ? 


* Eph. 3: 11. According to the eternal purpose which he purposed 


in Christ Jesus our Lord.—t Eph.1: 


11.—t Acts 4: 28. To do whatso- 


ever thy hand and thy counsel determined before to be done. 
sik Le Ry SO ee 


7. His eternal purpose, The designs regarding his creatures which 


he formed from eternity. —Counsel of his will, 2 
own mind.—Fore-ordained, Determined 


Takes place among his creatures. 


dependent suggestions of his 
beforehand.—Comes to pass, 


The unbiassed and in- 


) 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 9 


Q. 8. How doth God execute his decrees ? 
A. God executeth his decrees in the works of creation* 
and providence.t 


Who executes the decrees of 3 the execution of his decrees ? 


God? What does God execute by 
What decrees does God exe-$ means of creation? 

cute? Whose decrees does God exe- 
What does God do with his} ~ cute by means of creation? 

decrees ? What is the second means sed 


How many means are used by} by God in the execution of 
God in the execution of his} his decrees ? ’ 
decrees ? What are the operations of 

What is the first means used sl ony called? 
by God in the execution of } Who executes his decrees by 
his decrees ? means of providence ? 

What is creation here called? } What does God do by creation 

Who makes use of creation for} and providence? 

* Prov, 16:4. The Lord hath made all things for himself; yea, even 
the wicked for the day of evil. Rev. 4: 11. . For thou hast created all 
things, and for thy pleasure they are and were created.—} Dan. 4: 35. 
And he doeth according to his will, in the army of heaven, and among 
inhabitants of the earth. Ps. 103: 19. His kingdom ruleth over 
ail. 

Q. 9. What is the work of creation ? 

A. The work of creation is, God’s making all things* 
of nothing,t by the word of his power.} in the space of 
six days,§ and all very good.|| 


What did God make ? What were made of nothing ? 
Who made all things ? Who made all things of no- 
What things did God make? thing ? 
What is God’s making all}By what did God make all 
things called ? things ? 3 
What is creation said tobe? $By the word of whos power 
Whose work is the work of} were all things made ? 
creation ? Who made all things by the 
What did God doin the work} word of his power ? 
of creation ?™ . $In what space of time did God 
Of what were all thingsmade?$ make all things ? . 


BE Ae ST A Ns RU! 
8. Evecuteth, Performs, or accomplishes.—The works of creation, 
Bringing all things out of nothing, and forming them as they now ap- 
pear in the universe.—Providence, Preserving and directing all things 
which he has made. 
9. The word of his power, His Almighty and powerful command.— 
In the space of six days, Within six days. 


10 EXERCISES ON THE 


In how many days did God} Who made all things ? 

make all things ? Of what did God make ail 
What did God do in six days?}_ things? 
Who made all things in six}By what did God make all 


days ? , things ? 
In what state did God make}In what time did God make 
all things ? all things ? 


What were made very good? 3In what condition did God 
Who madeall things very good?} make all things ? 


* John 1: 3. All things were made by him; and without him was 
not any thing made that was made.—t Heb.11:3. So that things which 
are seen were not made of things which do appear.—! Ps. 33: 9. He 
spake, and it was done; he commanded, and it stood fast. Heb. 11: 3, 
Through faith we understand that the worlds were framed by the word 
of God.—$ Gen. 1: 31. And the evening and the morning were the sixth 
day. Gen. 2:1. Thus the heavens and the earth were finished, and 
all the host xf them.—|] Gen. 1: 81. And God saw every thing which 
he had made, and behold, it was very good. 


Q.10. How did God create man ? 

A. God created man* male.and female, after his own 
image,t in knowledge, righteousness, and holiness,$ with 
dominion over the creatures. 


Who created man ? ledge after the image of 
Of how many sexes did God} God? 

create man? In what did the second part 
What were these sexes ? of man’s likeness to God 
Who were created male and} _ consist? 

female ? Who was created in righte- 
Who created man male and} ousness after the image of 

female ? God? 


After what was man created? }In what did the third part of 
After whose image was man} man’s likeness to the image 
created ? of God consist ? 
Who was created after God’s} Who was created in holiness 
image ? after the image of God ? 
In how many things did man’s} Who created man with know- 
likeness to God consist ? ledge, righteousness, and 
In what did the first part of} holiness? 
man’s likeness to God con-$ Over what had man dominion? 
sist ? When had man dominion over 
Who was created in know-?: the creatures? 


10. Man, The human kind.—Ma/le, Man.— Female, Woman.—Image, 
Likeness.— Dominion, Power and authority. —The creatures, The ani- 
mals and other things created by God. 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 11 


Who gave man dominion over} What did God give man over 
the creatures ? the creatures ? 


*Gen. 2:7. And the Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground, 
and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life—tGen. 1: 26. And 
God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness. v. 27. So 
God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him, 
male and female created he them.—1! Col. 3: 10.—§ Eph, 4: 24. Which 


after God is created in righteousness and true holiness. 

Q. 11. What are God’s works of providence ? 

A. God’s works of providence are, his most holy,* 
wise,f and powerful} preserving and governing all his 
creatures, and all their actions. 


Whose are the works of provi- 
dence ? 

What are God’s operations in 
providence said to be? _ 

How many leading operations 
in providence are here men- 
tioned ? 

What is the first leading ope- 
ration of God in providence, 
here mentioned ? 

Who is it that God preserves ? 


Whose creatures does God 
preserve ? 
How many of his creatures 


does God preserve ? 
In what does God preserve all 
his creatures ? 
What is the second leading 
operation in providence ? 
ho governs in providence ? 
Whom does God in providence 
overn ? 
What does God govern in 
rovidence ? 
ose creatures does God go- 
vern ? 
How many of his creatures 
does God govern? 


In what does God govern his 
creatures ? 

Who governs the actions of 
God’s creatures ? 

How many of the actions of his 
creatures does God govern ? 

How many characters are here 
given of God’s works of 

rovidence ? 

What is the first character 
here given of God’s provi- 
dence ? 

What is most holy ? 

What is the second character 
here given to God’s provi- 
dence ? 

What is it that is most wise ? 

What is the third character 

_ here given of God’s provi- 
dence ? 

What is it that is most power- 
ful ? 

What is most holy, wise, and 

owerful ? 

What is God’s holy, wise, and 
powerful preserving and 

' governing of his creatures 
called ? 


* Ps; 145: 17,—t Is. 23: 29.1 Ps. 66: 7. 
ee ee rl ee 


ll. Preserving, Keeping in existence, or preventing from falling into 
decay.— Governing, Ruling and directing.—His creatures, The persons 
and things which he has created.—7heir actions, The actions which 
the creatures perform.—(For the words holy, wise, and powerful, see 


(12 


EXERCISES ON THE 


Q.12. What special act of providence did God exercise 
toward man in the estate wherein he was created ? 

A. When God had created man, he entered into a cove- 
nant of life with him, upon condition of perfect obedience ; 
forbidding him to eat of the tree of the knowledge of good 
and evil, upon the pain of death.* 


Who entered into a covenant} From whom was perfect obe- 


of life with man ? 

With whom did God enter in- 
to a covenant of life ? 

What did God enter into with 
man? 

What kind of a covenant did 
God make with man? 

When was the covenant of life 
entered into? 

What did God do when he had 
created man ? 

Who were the parties in the 
covenant of life ? 

What were the conditions of 
the covenant of life? 

What kind of obedience dit 
the covenant of life require ? 

Who required perfect obedi- 
ence from man ? 


dience required ? 

What did God forhid ? 1 

Who was forbidden to eat of 
the forbidden fruit ? 

Who forbade man to eat of the . 
forbidden fruit ? 

What was the forbidden tree 
called ? 
What knowledge did the for- 
bidden tree communicate ? 
What was threatened for eat- 
ing the forbidden fruit ? 

Who was threatened with 
death ? 

Who threatened man with 
death ? 

For what did God threaten 
man with death? 


* Gen. 2: 16, 17. Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat : 


but of the tree of knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: 
for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. Hos. 6: 7, 
They like men [marg, Adam] transgressed my covenant: there have 
they dealt treacherously against me. Job 31: 33. 


Q. 13. Did our first parents continue in the estate wherein 
they were created ? 

A. Our first parents being left to the freedom of their 
own will,* fellt from the estate wherein they were creat- 
ed, by sinning} against God. 


pits) Ae all ee ere 
, 12. A covenant, A solemn agreeinent.—Perfect obedience, Com- 
letely doing all that was required of him.—Upon the pain of death, 
hich if he did, the punishment of death temporal, spiritual, and eter- 
nal, would be the consequence. 
13. Our first purents, Adam and Eve, the common parents of all 
mankind.—Wéidl, Inclinations or desires.—Estate, Condition.—Cre- 
ated, First made. 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 13 


To what were our first parents 
left ? 

Who were left to the freedom 
of their own will ? 

To the freedom of what were 
our first parents left? 

To the freedom of whose will 
were our first parents left ? 
Whose parents were left to the 
freedom of their own will? 
What parents of ours were 


which they were created ? 

From what did our first pa- 
rents fall? 

From what estate did our first 
parents fall ? 

By what did our first parents 
fall from the estate in which 
they were created ? 

Against whom did our first 

arents sin? 

Who sinned against God ? 


left to the freedom of their} What was the consequence of 


own will? 


Who fell from the estate in} 


our first parents sinning 
against God ? 


* Gen. 3:6. And when the woman saw that the tree was good for 


food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to) be desired to 
make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat; and gave «so 
unto her husband with her, and he did eat.—tGen. 3: 7. Anu wie 
eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked: 
and they sewed f.g-leaves together, and made themselves aprous. Com- 


pare ch. 2: 25.—1 Rom, 5: 12, 
world, and death by sin. 


Q. 14. What is sin? 


By one man, sin entered into the 


A. Sin is any want of conformity* unto, or transgres- 


siont of, the law} of God. 


What is sin a want of con- 
formity to? 

What is sin a transgression of? 

How man 
here said there are ? 

What is the first ? 

What is the second ? 


ression ? 
What is sin, besides being the 
transgression of God’s Taw ? 


kinds of sin is it} What is any want of confor- 


mity to God’s law called ? 
What kind of want of confor- 
mity to God’s law is a sin? 


Of what is sin the transgres-} What is sin the want of ? 


sion ? 
Of whose law is sin the trans- 


To «what is sin the want of 
conformity ? 


*Gal.3: 10. Cursed is every one that continueth not in all things 
which are written in the hook of the law to do them.—tl John 3: 4. 
Sin is the transgression of the law.—I Rom, 3: 20. By the law is the 
knowledge of sin. Compare ch. 7: 7—11. 


Q. 15. What was the sin whereby our first parents fell 
from te estate wherein they were created ? 
14. Any want of conformity, The not agrecing iu any respect with, 


—Transyression of the law of God, Breaking, in any way, the com- 
mandments of God. 


é 


14 EXERCISES ON THE 


A. The sin whereby our first* parents fell from the es 
tate wherein they were created, was their eating the for 
bidden fruit. 


Who fell? What was the cone ENE? of 

Whose first parents fell ? their eating the orbidden 

What parents of ours fell ? fruit? 

Whose first. parents were} From what state did our first 
Adam and Eve? parents fall ? 

From what did they fall? What particular sin caused 

What caused their fall? their fall? 


Of what did they eat? 


* Rom. 5:17. By one man’s offence death reigned by one [offence.] 
v. 16. For the judgment was by one [offence] to condemnation, Gen. 
3:6. See Ans. 13. 

Q. 16. Did all mankind fall in Adams first transgression ? 

A. The covenant being made with Adam,* not only 
for himself, but for his posterity, all mankind, descen- 
ding} from him by ordinary generation, sinned in him, 
and fell§ with him, in his first transgression. 

What was made with Adam? } Who sinned in Adam? 

With whom was the covenant}In whom did all mankind 
of works made ? sin? 

For whom was the covenant}How did all mankind sin in 
of works made besides; Adam? 


Adam ? Who fell with Adam ? 
For whose posterity was the} With whom did all mankind 
covenant of works made ? fall ? 
For whom, besides the posteri- How did ‘all mankind fall with 
ty of Adam, was the cove-;_ Adam? 
nant of works made? In what did all mankind fall 
From whom do all mankind} with Adam? 
descend ? In what transgression d:d man- 
Who descend from Adam ? kind fall ? - 


In what manner do all man-$In whose first transgression 
kind descend from Adam ? did mankind fall ? 


* Gen. 2:17. Inthe day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely 
die. +Rom. 5:14. Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, 
even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam’s 


tener 

15. Forbidden fruit, Fruit of a tree in the garden of Eden, of which 
God had forbidden them to eat, 

16. Zhe covenant, Agreement.—Posterity, Childten to the end of 
time.— Descending from him by ordinary generation, Who proceed 
from him in the ordinary course of nature, in which way Jesus Christ 
did not proceed.—J'ransgression, Act of disobedience against God. 


¢ 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 15 


transgression. v. 19. By one man's disobedience many were made sin- 
ners.—! Gen. 3: 20. And Adam called his wife’s name Eve, because 
she was the mother of all living.—S$ 1 Cor, 15: 22. In. Adam all die. 


Q. 17. Into what estate did the fall bring mankind ? 
A. The fall brought mankind into an estate of sin* and 


misery. 

Who were brought into this} What is the first ? 
state of sin and misery ? What is the second ? 

What brought them into this} Who are in this state of sin 
state ? and misery ? 

Of how many parts does this} How did mankind come into 
fallen state consist ? this state ? 


* Rom. 5:19. By one man’s disobedience many were made sinners. 
—tRom. 5: 17. By one man’s offence death reigned by one. 

Q. 18. Wherein consists the sinfulness of that estate where- 
into man fell ? : 

A. The sinfulness of that estate -whereinto man fell, 
consists in the guilt of Adam’s first sin,* the want of ori- 
ginal righteousness,t and the corruption of his whole 
nature, which is commonly called Original Sin ;¢ together 
with all actual transgressions} which proceed from 1t.|| 


In what does the first part of} is it the want? ; 
the sinfulness of man’s es-$ In what does the third part of 
tate consist ? man’s sinfulness censist ? 

In the guilt of whose sin does} In the corruption of what does 
their sinfulness consist ? this third part consist ? 

Of what sin of Adam’s does{In the corruption of whose 
this guilt consist ? nature does it consist ? 

In what does the second part} How much of man’s nature is 
of man’s sinfulness consist?} corrupted ? 

Of what is it the want ? In what state is the nature of 

Of what kind of righteousness{ man? 


17, Mankind, All men.—An estate of sin, A condition in which they 
are sinful and poliuted in their own nature ; in love with, and strongly 
inclined to commit sin in their life and conduct.—Misery, A state of 
unhappiness and suffering in consequence of sin. 

18. The guilt of Adam’s first sin, Our liability to paip and punish- 
ment, derived from our connection with Adam, as our common parent 
and representative. —Original righteousness, Those govd dispositions 
which Adam had when God at first made him.—Corruption, Depravity 
and wickedness.—His whole nature, All his faculties and powers, both 
of body and soul.—Actwa/, Real and personal.— Proceed from it, Flow, 
or come from original sin. 


« ° 


16 EXERCISES ON THE 


What is the corruption of }What proceed from original 
man’s nature commonly call-} sin? 
ed? In how many parts does the 

What species of sin is the} sinfulness of man’s state 
corruption of man’s nature ?} consist ? ' 

What is called original sin? $ What is the first? 

In what does the fourth part} What is the second ? 
of man’s sinfulness consist ?$ What is the third ? 

Of what transgressions does} What is this third commonly 
this sinfulness consist ? 3 called? 

How many of our actual trans-{ What is the fourth part of 
gressions proceed from ori-3 the sinfulness of man’s es- 


ginal sin? tate ? . 
From what do all actual trans-} From what do actual trens- 
gressions proceed ? gressions proceed ? 


“ *Rom. 5:18. By the offence of one judgment came upon all men to 
condemnation.—t Rom. 3:10. There is none righteous, no, not one.— 
?Ps. 51:5. Behold, I was shapen in iniquity ; and in sin did my mother 
conceive me.—S Eccl. 7: 20. For there is not a just man upon earth, 
that doeth good and sinneth not.—|| Mark 7; 21. For from within, out 
of the heart of men, proceed evil thoughts, adulteries, fornications, 
murders. , 

Q. 19. What is the misery of that estate whereinto men 
fell? | 
A. All mankind, by their fall, lost communion with 
God,* are under his wrath} and curse,} and so made hable 
to all the miseries in this life,§ to death|| itself, and to the 
pains of hell forever.** 


What is the first part of man’s} By whose -fall did mankind 


miserable state by the fall ? lose communion with God ? 
Who lost communion with}What is the second part of 

God ? man’s misery by the fall ? 
What number of mankind lost} Under whose wrath and curse 

communion with God? are all mankind by nature ? 
What did mankind lose ? Who are under God's wrath 
With whom did mankind lose} and curse? 

communion? — - How did mankind at first 
How did mankind lose com-$ come under God’s wrath and 

munion With God ? curse? 


a 


19. Communion, The privilege of friendly intercourse and conversa- 
tion. — Wrath, Anger.— Curse, Doomed or sentenced to misery.—Lia- 
ble, Subject.—Miseries, Things which make men unhappy.— 7'his life, 
This present state of existence.—Forever, Throughout all eternity. 


. 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


In what does the third part of 
man’s misery by the fall 
consist ? 

To what are we made liable 
by the fall? 

To what miseries are we made 
hable ? 

To what number of the mise- 
ries of life are we liable? 
How did we become liable to 
the miseries of this life ? 

In what does the fourth part 


of the misery of man by the. 


fall consist ? 

To what, besides the miseries 
of life, are we liable by the 
fall ? 

What at first made us liable to 
death ? 


In what does the fifth part of 


17 


the misery of man’s state 
by the fall consist ? 

To what pains are we made 
liable by the fall ? 

How long shall the pains of 
hell be borne by the wicked? 

What shall be borne by the 
wicked forever ? 

Who are made liable to the 
pains of hell forever ? 

By what were we made liable 
to the pains of hell forever ? 

In how many things does the 
misery of man’s state by the 
fall consist ? 

What is the first ? 

What is the second ? 

What is the third ? 

What is the fourth ? 

What is the fifth ? 


* Gen. 3:8. And Adam and his wife hid themselves from the pre- 


sence of the Lord. Rom. 8:7. The carnal mind is enmity against 


od, 


—t Eph. 2: 3. And were by nature the children of wrath, even as oth- 
ers. —! Gal. 3: 10. For as many as are of the works of the law, are under 
the curse.—§ Job 6: 7. Man is born unto trouble, as the sparks fly up- 
ward.—|| Rom. 6: 23. The wages of sin is death.—** [s. 33: 14. Who 
among us shall dwell with everlasting burnings, Mat. 25: 46, And 
these shall go away into everlasting punishment. 


Q. 20. Did God leave all mankind to perish in the estate 
of sin and misery ? 

A. God having, out of his mere good pleasure, from all 
eternity, elected some to everlasting life, did enter into a 
covenant of grace, to deliver them out of the estate of sin 
and misery, and to bring them into an estate of salvation 
by a Redeemer. 

What had God done from all} What had God, with respect 
eternity ? to his people, done from 
To what had God elected some?$ eternity ? 


2). Mere good pleasure, Own freewill and love.— Add eternity. A time 
which had no beginning.—Elected, Chosen.—Everlasting life, Life 
that will never end.—A covenant, An agreement.— Grace, Favor, or 
free and undeserved love and affection. —- Deliver, Relieve and bring.— 
Anestate, A condition. — Salvation, Safety.—A cepa ag ap: 
pointed to buy es | batik, by paying the debt which they had incurred 


18 


To what kind of life did God 
elect his people ? 

Who were elected to everlast- 
ing life ? 

Who elected the people of God 
to everlasting life ? 

When did God elect his peo- 
ple to everlasting life ? 

What induced God to choose 
the elect ? 

What did God, out of his mere 
good pleasure, do from eter- 
nity ? 

Whose good pleasure induced 
God to make clivice of the 
elect ? 

Into what did God enter for 
the sake of the elect? — 
Who entered into a covenant 
of grace for the benefit of 

the elect ? 

Into what kind of a covenant 
did God enter ? 


EXERCISES ON THE 


Who were to be delivered by 
the covenant of grace ? 

Out of what were God’s peo- - 
ple to be delivered ? 

Who was to deliver God’s 
people out of the estate of 
sin and misery ? 

What did God do that he might 
deliver his people out of the 
estate of sin and misery ? 

Into what estate did God in- 
tend to bring his people ? 

From what were the people of 
God to be saved? » 

By what were the people of 
God to be saved ? 

Who were to be saved by a 
Redeemer ? 

Who appointed the 
God to be saved 
deemer ? 

From what was the Redeemer 

- to save the people of God ? 


eople of 
ya Re- 


For what purpose did God{Into what estate was the Re- 


enter into a covenant of 
grace? 


deemer to bring the people 
of God? 4 


* Eph. 1: 4, 5.—t Acts 13: 48. As many as were ordained to eternal 


life believed. —? Ps. 89: 3. 
Is. 53210. 


I have made a covenant with my chosen. 
He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be;satisfied. 


—§ Rom. 5:18. By the righteousness of one the free gift came upon 


all men unto justification of life. 


Rom. 8: 1. There is now no con- 


‘demnation to them which are in Christ Jesus, who walk not after the 


fiesh, but after the Spirit. 


Q. 21. Who is the Redeemer of God’s elect ? 

A. The only Redeemer* of God’s elect is the Lord Jesus 
Christ, who, being the eternal Son of God, became man,} 
and’ so was, and continued to be, God and man, in two 
distinct natures,{ and one person, forever.$ : 


How many Redeemers are 
there ? 


Of whom is Jesus Christ the 
Redeemer ? 


Who is the Redeemer of God’s { Of whose elect is Jesus Christ 


people ? 


the Redeemer ? / 


21. Elect, Chosen “ape ed Son of God, Son of God from 


eternity. —Distinct, 


parate.—Person, Individual. 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


What is the Lord Jesus Christ 
to God’s elect? 

What does Christ do to God’s 
elect people ? 

What was the Redeemer ? 

Whose Son is Jesus Christ ? 


What was God to Jesus 
Christ ? 

What did the Son of God be- 
come ? 


Who hecame man? 

What was Jesus Christ before 
he became man? 

What was the Son of God after 
he had become man ? 

What does Jesus Christ con- 
tinue to be? . 

What is Christ besides man? 

What is Christ besides God ? 


19 


How many natures has Jesus 
Christ? — 

What is said regarding the 
two natures of Jesus Christ ? 

What are distinct ? 

Whose natures are distinct ? 

How many distinct nature 
has Jesus Christ ? é' 

Who has two distinct natures? 

What are those two distinct 
natures ? 

How many persons has Jesus 
Christ ? 

Of what has Jesus Christ two?, 

For how long will Jesus Christ 
continue to have but one per- 
son and two distinct natures? 

Who has two distinct natures 
and but one person ? 


* Gal. 3: 13. Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law. 1 


Tim. 2: 5. For there is one God, and one mediator’ between God and 
men, the man Christ Jesus. Rev. 5: 9. Thou hast redeemed us to God 
by thy blood. Acts 4: 12. Neither is there salvation in any other.— 
tJohn 1: 14. And the Word was made flesh. Gal. 4:4. But when the 
fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son made of a woman. 
—!1 Tim. 3: 16. And without controversy great is the mystery of god- 
liness: God was manifest in the flesh.—$Heb. 7: 24. But this man, 
because he continueth ever, hath an unchangeabie priesthood. y. 25. 


Q. 22. How did Christ, being the Son of God, become 
man ? 

A. Christ, the Son of God, became man, by taking to 
himself a true body,* and a reasonable soul,} being con- 
ceived, by the power of the Holy Ghost,t in the womb of 
the Virgin Mary, and born of her, yet without sin.§ 


Who became man? 

Who is Christ ? 

Whose Son is Christ ? 

What did Christ become ? 

What did Christ take to him- 
self? 


l 


For what purpose did Christ 
take to himself a true body 
and a reasonable soul ? 

What kind of a body did 
Christ take to himself? 


22. True body, Real body, composed of flésh and bones.—A reasons 


able soul, A soul possessing all the reasoning faculties of man,—Con-. 


ceived, Brought into existence.—The Holy 


host, The third person of 


the blessed Trinity.— Yet toithout stn, Completely free from sin, 


20 EXERCISES ON THE 


Who took to himself a true} Of whom was Christ horn’! 

body ? _ {Who was born of the Virgin 
For what purpose did Christ} Mary? 

take to himself.a true body ?} In what state was Christ born 
By what was the human na-} of the Virgin Mary? 

ture of Christ conceived? $What was it that Christ had 
By whose power was Christ{ not when he was burn? 

conceived ? Of whom was Christ born 
Who was conceived hy the} without sin? 

power of the Holy Ghost? + Who was born without sin? 
In what was Christ conceived ? , 


*Heb. 10: 5. Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not, but a body 
hast thou prepared me.—t Mat. 26: 38. My soul is exceeding sorrow- 
ful, even unto death.—! Luke 1: 35. The Holy Ghost shall come upon 

ethee, and the power of the highest shall overshadow thee.—S Heb. 4: 
15. But was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin. 


Q. 23. What offices doth Christ execute as our Redeemer ? 

A. Christ, as our Redeemer, executeth the offices of a 
Prophet,* of a Priest,+ and of a King,} both in his estate 
of humiliation and exaltation. 


Who, as our Redeemer, exe-$ which Christ executes as 
cutes offices ? our Redeemer? 
What is Christ ? For whom does Christ execute 
Whose Redeemer is Christ ? the office of a Priest ? 
How many offices does Christ } What is the third office which 
as our Redeemer execute? Christ as our Redeemer 
In what capacity does Christ} executes ? 
execute the three offices ? Who executes the®office of a 
As ‘whose Redeemer does} King? ' 
Christ execute his offices? ;Over whom does Christ exe- 
What is the first office which} cute the office of a King? 
Christ executes ? In how many states does» 
Who executes the office*of a} Christ execute the offices of 
Prophet? Prophet, Priest, and King? 
For whom does Christ execute { What is the first state in which 
the office of a Prophet ? Christ executes the offices 
What is the second office} of Prophet, Priest, and King? 


23. Christ, The anointed of God.—Frecuteth, Discharges or per- 
forms.— Offices of, Works or duties belonging to.—A Prophet, One who 
makes known the will of God.—A Priest, One who offers sacrifice, 
presents its blood, and makes supplication for the people.—A King, One 
who rules and protects his subjects. ~Humiliation, Meanness and de- 
basement—-Zzaltation, Honor and preferment. 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


What is the second state in 


21 


humiliation ? 


which Christ executes his} What is Christ now doing in 


offices ? 


his estate of exaltation? 


What did Christ do in his es-} For whom is Christ still exe- 


tate of humiliation ? 
For whom did Christ execute 
his offices in his estate of 


cuting his offices in his estate 
of exaltation ? 


* John 6:14. This is of a truth that prophet that should come into 


the world. Acts 3: 22.—} Ps. 110: 


the order of Melchizedek. 


4, ‘Thou arta priest for ever after 
Heb. 5: 6.—1? Mat. 21: 5, 


Tell ye the 


daughter of Sion, Behold, thy King cometh unto thee, meek, and sitting 
upoa an ass, and a colt the foal of an ass. 


Q. 24. How doth Christ execute the office of a Prophet? 
A. Christ executeth the office of a Prophet, in reveal- 
ing* to us, by his wordt and Spirit,t the will of God for, 


our salvation.§ 


What does Christ reveal? 

Whose will does Christ re- 
veal ? 

Who reveals the will of God? 

To whom does Christ reveal 
the will of God? 

In which of his offices does 
Christ reveal the will of 
God? 

By what means does Christ 
reveal the will of God? 
What is the first means used 

~ by Christ for revealing to us 
the will of God ? 

By means of whose word does 
Christ reveal the will of 
God ? 

What dass Christ do by his 


Whose will does Christ reveal 
by his word ? 

By what other means, besides 
his word, does Christ reveal 


to us the will of God? 

By whose Spirit does Christ 
reveal to us the will of God? 

What does Christ do by the 
operation of the Spirit’? 

Whose will does Christ re- 
veal by the operation of his 
Spirit ? 

For what purpose does Christ 
reveal to us the will of 
God? 

For whose salvation does 
Christ reveal the will of 
God ? 

What does Christ do for our 
salvation ? 

Who reveals the will of God? 

By what does Christ reveal 
the will of God? 

To whom does Christ reveal 
the will of God ? 

For what does Christ reveal 
the wil of God? 


*John 15: 15. All things that I have heard of my Father, I have 


made known unto you.—f 2 Cor, 5: 


19. God was in Christ, reconciling 


mele Warners SVU 29) ee —— eee 
24. Revealing, Making known.—His Word, The Bible.—Spirit, The 
gracious influences and workings of the Holy Spirit.— W722, Intentions, 


—Salvation, Deliverance. 


(See Q. 22, 23.) 


22 EXERCISES ON THE 


the world unto himself, not imputing their trespasses unto them; and 
hath committed unto us the word of reconciliation,-—I John 14: 26. 
But the Coniforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send * 
in my name, he shall teach you all things.—S John 20: 31. These are 
written, that ye might believe that Jesus 1s the Christ, the Son of God; 
and that, believing, ye might have life through his name. , 


Q. 25. How doth Christ execute the office of a Priest? _ 
A. Christ executeth the office of a Priest, in his once 
offering up of hinself a sacrifice,* to satisty divine jus- 
tice,¢ and reconcile us to God ;{ and in making continual 


intercession for us. 


Who offered himself a sacri- 
fice ? 

For what purpose did Christ 
offer sacrifice ? 

For the satisfaction of what 
justice did Christ offer sa- 
crifice ? 

What did Christ’s sacrifice do 
to divine justice ? 

What, did Christ offer as a sa- 
crifice ? 

How often was Christ offered 
as a sacrifice ? 

Whp offered Christ as a sacri- 
fice ? 

In which of his offices did 
Christ offer himself as a sa- 
crifice ? 

For what other purpose, than 
the satisfying of divine jus- 
tice, did Christ offer himself 
a sacrifice ? 

Whom does Christ reconcile 
to God ? 

What does Christ do to us? 

To whom does Christ recon- 
cile us ? 

What did Christ do for the 


purpose of reconciling us 


to God ? 

What does Christ, as a Priest, 
do, besides offering sacri- 
fice ? 

What kind of intercession does 
Christ make ? 

Kor whom does Christ make 
intercession ? 

With whom doth Christ make 
intercession ? 

How many things does Christ 
do in his office of a Priest ? 

What is the first part of 
Christ's priestly office ? 

What is the second part of 
Christ’s priestly office ? 

What does Christ offer in sa- 
crifice ? 

How often did Christ offer 
himself as a sacrifice ? 

For how many purposes did 
Christ offer himself as a sa- 
crifice ? 

What was the first purpose for 
which Christ dffered himself 
in sacrifice ? 

What was the second purpose 
for which Christ offered 
himself a sacrifice ? 


PR sel fe: 8 US im 55 ek RSE DA eS 5S SN 
25. Offering up of himself a sacrifice, Giving himself freely to 


suffer death, and the punishment of sin, in the place of sinners.—Satisfy 
divine justice, Pay fully the just and righteous demands of God’s jus- 
tice. —Reconcile us, Make us at peace with, and willing to submit.— 
Zatercession, Prayers to God. 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 23 


What is the second part of } With whom docs Christ inter- 
Christ’s priestly office ? cede ? 

For whom does Christ inter-} When does Christ intercede 
cede ? for us? 


* Heb. 9: 26. But now once in the end of the world hath he appear- 
ed to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself. Eph. 5: 2.—t1 John 2: 2. 
He is the propitiation for our sins.—! Eph. 2: 16. That he might re- 
concile both unto God in one body by the cross, having slain the enmity 
thereby.—S Heb. 7: 25. He ever liveth to make intercession for thein. 


Q. 26. How doth Christ execute the office of a King? 

A. Christ executeth the office of a King, in subduing 
us to himself,* in raling and defending us,} and in re- 
straining and conquering all his and our enemies. 

What is the first part of {What will Christ do to his 


Christ's office as a King? 
Whom does Christ subdue ? 
To pom does Christ subdue 

us? 

In which of his three offices 
does Christ subdue his peo- 
ple? 

What is the second part of 
Christ’s kingly office as ex- 
ercised upon his own peo- 
ple? 

Who rules his people ? 

Whom does Christ rule ? 

In which of his offices does 
Christ rule his people ? 

What else does Christ as a 
King do to his people be- 
sides subduing and ruling 
them ? 

Whom does Christ defend ? 

Who defends his people ? 

In which of his offices does 
Christ defend his people ? 
Whose enemies does Christ 

restrain ? 

Who restrains our enemies ? 


and our enemies besides re- 
straining them ? 

Whom will Christ conquer ? 

Whose enemies will Christ 
conquer ? 

Who will conquer his and our 
enemies ? , 

In which of his offices does . 
Christ conquer his and our 
enemies 7? 

Over how many classes does 
Christ exercise the office of 
a King? 

What is the first class of per- 
sons over whom Christ exe- 
cutes the office of a King? 

What is the second class over 
whom Christ executes the 
office of a King? 

How many things does Christ 
ai: a King do to his own peo- 

e? 

What is the first thing which 
Christ as a King does to his 
own people ? 

What is the second ? 


26. Subduing us, Overcoming, conquering, an? making us subject. 
— Ruling, Guiding or governing.—Defending us, Preserving us from 


being injured, or 


hurt.—Restraining, Keeping in awe, preventing.— 


Conquering, Overpowering or destroying. (See Q. 23.) 


24 


What is the third? 

How many things does Christ 
as a King do to his ene- 
mies ? 

What is the first thing which 


Christ as a King,does to his} Whom 


enemies ? 


What 


EXERCISES ON THE 


is the second thin 
which Christ as a King wi 
do to his and our enemies ? 

Whom does Christ subdue, 
rule, and defend ? 

will Christ restrain 

and conquer ? 


* Py, 110: 3. Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power. 


—t Ps, 89: 
our King.—! 1 Cor. 15: 25. 
under his feet. 


18. The Lord is our defence; and the Holy one of Israel is 
He must reign till he hath put all enemies 


Q. 27. Wherein did ‘Christ’s humiliation consist ? 
A. Christ’s humiliation consisted in his being born, and 


that in a low* condition, made under the law,* undergo- 
ing the miseries} of this life, the wrath of God, and the 
cursed death of the cross ;§ in being buried, and continu- 


ing under the power of death for a time.$ 


Who humbled himself in being 
born ? 

In what condition was Christ 
born 2? 

Who was born in a low con- 
dition ? 

What was Christ made under ? 

Who was made under the law? 

What did Christ undergo? 

What miseries did Christ un- 
dergo? 

Whio underwent. the miseries 
of this life ? 

What else besides the miseries 
of this life did Christ un- 
dergo ? 

Whose wrath did Christ un- 
dergo? 


besides the miseries of life 
and the wrath of God? 
What death did Christ under- 


207 

What kind of death is the 
death of the cross said to 
be? 

Who underwent the death of 
the cross ? 

Who humbled himself by be- 
ing buried ? 

Under what did Christ conti- 
nue for a time ? 

Who continued under the pow- 
er of death for a time ? 

For how long did Christ con- 
tinue under the power of 
death ? 


Who tnderwent the wrath of In how many circumstances, 


God? 
What else did Christ undergo 


as here stated, did Christ’s 
humiliation consist ? 


27. Consisted, Lay, or appeared.—Lovw condition, State of poverty, 
— Under the law, Subject to the law of God like «her men.— Under 
ae Suffering, or submitting to.—Miseries, Pains. and sufferings.— 


rath, 
time, A period of three days. 


Anger.—Cursed, Shameful.—Continuing, 


Remaining.—A 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


What 1s the first ? 
What is the second ? 
What is the third ? 
What is the fourth 2? 


What is the fifth ? 
What is the sixth? 
What is the seventh ? 
What is the eighth ? 


*Gal. 4: 4. God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under 
the law. Luke 2: 7.—}Is. 53: 3. He is despised and rejected of men; 
a man of sorrows, and acquainted with griefi—t! Mat. 27: 46. And 
about the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, My God, 
My God, why hast thou forsaken me? Is. 53: 10.—§ Phill. 2:8. He 
humbled himself, and became obedient, unto death, even the death of 


the cross. 


Q. 28. Wherein consisteth Christ’s exaltation ? 

A. Christ’s exaltation consisteth in his rising again 
from the dead, on the third day,* in ascending up into 
heaven, in sitting at the right hand of Godt} the Father, 
and in coming to judge the world at the last day.¢ 


Who rose from the dead ? 

When did Christ rise ? 

From what did Christ rise ? 

On what day after his death 
did Christ rise ? 

What is Christ’s rising from 
the dead here called ? 

Into what did Christ ascend ? 

Who ascended up into hea- 
ven? 

Where is Christ now ? 

Where does Christ sit ? 

At whose right hand does 
Christ now sit ? 

Who now sits at the right 
hand of God the Father ? 
What is Christ’s rising from 

the dead, ascending up into 

heaven, and sitting at God’s 

right hand here called ? 
When will Christ come again? 
What will Christ do at the 


last day ? 

What will be judged at the 
last day ? 

Who will judge the world ? 

When att Christ judge the 
world ? 

In how many parts does 
Christ’s exaltation consist ? 

What is the first part of 
Christ’s exaltation ? 


-$}From what did Christ rise? 


What is the second part of 
Christ’s exaltation ? 
Into what did Christ ascend ? 


What is the third part of 


Christ’s exaltation ? 

At whose right hand does 
Christ sit ? 

What is the fourth part of 
Christ’s exaltation ? 

When will Christ judge the 
world ? 


*1 Cor. 15: 4. He rose again the third day according to the Scrip- 
tures.—t Mark 16: 19. So then, after the Lord had spoken unto them, 


23. Ascending up, Mounting.—At the right hand of Giod the Father, 
In the highest honor and dignity in Heaven.—Judge, Try the conduct 


and character, and to pass sentence upon.—Last 


sent state of man’s existence. 


y, End of the pre 


“ 


26 EXERCISES ON THE 


he was received up into heaven, and sat on the right hand of God.— 
2 Acts 17: 31. He hath appointed a day in the which he will judge the 
bgt in righteousness, by that man whom he hath ordained. John 5: 


Q. 29. Hom are we made partakers of the redemption pur- 
chased by Christ ? 

A. We are made partakers of the redemption purchas- 
ed by Christ,* by the effectual application of it to us by 
his Holy Spirit.F 
Who are made partakers of }Who applies redemption to 


redemption ? 3 us? 
Of what are we made parta-}To whom does the Spirit ap- 
kers ? ly redemption ? 

Of what redemption are we ose Holy Spirit makes us 
made partakers ? partakers of redemption ? 
What did Christ do with re-}How does the Holy Spirit 

im to redemption ? make us partakers of re- 
What did Christ purchase ? demption ? 
By whom was redemption pur-{ What ‘kind of an application 
chased ? is it which makes us parta- 


Who partake of redemption ? kers of redemption ? 

* Heb. 9: 12. By his own blood he entered in once into the holy 
place, having obtained eternal redemption for us.—t Tit. 3: 5. Not by 
works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy 
he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy 
Spirit. John 1: 12, 


Q. 30. Hom doth the Spirit apply to us the redemption pur- 
chased by Christ ? 

A. The Spirit applieth to us the redemption purchased 
by Christ, by working faith* in us, and thereby uniting 
us to Christ} in our effectual calling.t 


By whom was redemption pur-} By what means is redemption 
chased ? applied ? 

By whom is redemption ap-} What is wrought in us ? 
plied ? Who works faith in us? 

To whom is redemption ap-}In whom does the Spirit work 
plied ? faith ? 


RA Ak aE. 20 
29. Partakers, Sharers.—Redemption, Deliverance and freedom from 
sin and suffering. —Purchased, Bought.—Effectual, Complete and suc- 
cessful.— Application, Bestowing. 
30. Applieth to us, Gives us the benefit of. Purchased, Bought.— 
Le ay A Producing and strengthening.— Uniting, Joining. (See Q. 
, and 31.) 


‘ 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


27 


To whom are we united ? What is accomplished by 

Who are united in Christ ? working faith in us ? 

By what are we united to}In what are we united to 
Christ ? Christ ? ; 


* Eph. 2: 8. By grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of 
yourselves; it is the gift of God.—tEph. 3: 17. That Christ ma 
dwell in your hearts by faith. 1 Cor, 12: 27.—11 Cor.1: 9. God 
faithful, by whom ye were called into the fellowship of his Son Jesus 
Christ our Lord. 

Q. 31. What is effectual calling ? 

A. Effectual calling is the work of God’s Spirit,* where- 
by, convincing us of our sint and misery, enlightening 
our minds in the knowledge of Christ,t and renewing our 
wills,} he doth persuade and enable us toembrace Jesus 
Christ, || freely offered to us in the gospel. 


What is effectual calling said} What is enlightened in the 


to be ? 
Whose work is effectual call- 


ing? 

Of what does the Spirit con- 
vince us in effectufal call- 
ing? 

Who convinces us of sin in 
effectual calling ? 
Of what else does the Spirit 
convince us, besides sin? 
What is done to the mind in 
effectual calling ? 

In what is the mind enlighten- 
ed in effectual calling? 

What is enlightened in effec- 
tual calling ? 

Who enlightens the mind in 
effectual calling? 

In the knowledge of whom 
does the Spirit enlighten our 


knowledge of Christ ? 

What is done to the will in 
effectual calling ? 

Who renews our will in effec- 
tual calling ? 

What is renewed in effectual 
calling ? 

To what are we persuaded in 
effectual calling? 

Whom are we persuaded to 
embrace ? 

Who persuades .us to embrace 
Jesus Christ ? 

What else does the Spirit do 
besides persuading us to 
embrace Jesus Christ ? 

What does the Spirit enable 
us to do? 

Who enables us to embrace 
Jesus Christ ? 


mind in eflectual calling ? }In what is Christ offered to us? 


31. Convincing us, Assuring us, and making us sensible.-—E'nligh- 


tening, Making known to, or instructing.—Renewing our wills, 


ive 


ing us new desires after holiness, and resolutions of amendment.— 
Persuade, Incline our hearts.— Enable us, Give us strength and ability. 
—Embrace, Accept of, and cling to.—Gospel, Good news of salvation 
made known in the Bible. 


28 EXERCISES ON THE 


To whom is Christ offered in} lighten our minds? 

the gospel ? What is the third step in ef- 
In what manner is Christ of-{  fectual calling ? 

fered to us in the gospel? {What does the Spirit renew 
In how many steps does effec-} in effectual calling? ; 


tual calling consist? What is the fourth step in ef- 
What is the first step in effec-$ fectual calling? 
tual calling ? Whom are we persuaded to 
Of what is the sinner convinc-} embrace in effectual calling? 
ed? What is the fifth and last step 
What is the second step in} in effectual calling? 
effectual calling ? What does the Spirit enable 


In what does the Spirit en-} us to do in effectual calling? 

*2 Tim. 1:9. Who hath saved us, and called us with a holy call- 
ing.—t John 16: 8. He will reprove (or convince) the world of 3in.— 
tJohn 16: 14. He shall receive of mine, and shall show it unto you. 
1 Pet. 2: 9.—§ Ezek. 36: 26. A new heart also will I give you, and a 
new spirit will I put within you.—|| Ezek. 36: 27. I will put my Spirit 
within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes, and ye shall keep 
my judgments and dothem, John 6: 44.—T Rey. 22: 17. 

Q. 32. What benefits do they that are effectually called par- 
take of in this life 2 

A. They that are effectually called do in this life par- 
take of justification,* adoption,} and sanctification,t and 
the several benefits which, in this life, do either accompa- 
ny or flow from them.$ r 


Who partake of qastiligan aa | which they who are effectu 
and the other benefits here} ally called partake ? 
mentioned ? Who partake of adoption ? 

What is the first benefit here} What is the third benefit of 
mentioned, of which they} which they who are eflectu 
who are effectually called} ally called partake? 

artake ? _$Who partake of justification, 
en do they who are effec-3 adoption, and sanctification? 
tually called partake of jus-} When do they who are effec- 
tification and these other} tually called partake of: jus- 
benefits ? i tification, adoption, and 
Whet is the second benefit of } sanctification ? 


32. Effectually, Completely and successfully.—Partake, Receive and 
enjoy the benefit.—Justi fication, The pardon of sin.—Adoption, Ad- 
mission into the family, and being ranked among the children of God. — 
Sanctification, Increasing purity of heart and life-—Several, Many 
other.—Benefiits, Advantages and blessings.—Accompany, Go along 
with.—FVow, Come after, or proceed. (This life, see Q. 19.) 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 29 


Of what else do they who are} rally accompany ? 
effectually called partake in} What is here said of these 
this life ? benefits, when they do not 

What connection is it here} accompany justification, a- 
said that these several ben-{ doption, and sanctification ? 
efits have with justification, When do these several bene- 
adoption, and sanctifica-} fits accompany or flow from 
tion ? justification, adoption, and 

What do these benefits gene-} sanctification ? 

* Rom. 8: 30. Whom he called, them he also justified.—f Eph. 1: 
5. Having predestinated us unto the adoption of children by Jesus 
Christ to himself. Rom. 8: 15.—?1 Cor. 1: 30, Of him are ye in Christ 
Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and 
sanctification, and redemption.—§ 1 Cor. 3:21. All things are yours. 


Q. 33. What is justification ? 

A. Justification is an act of God’s free grace,* wherein 
he pardoneth all our sins,t and accepteth us as righteous 
in his sight,t only for the righteousness of Christ$ im- 
puted to us, and received by faith alone.|| 


Is justification an act or a{In whose sight are we accepted 
work ? as righteous in justification ? 
Whose act is justification ? What is imputed to us in jus- 
What kind of an act is justifi-} tification ’ 
cation ? Whose righteousness is impu- 
Of whose free grace is justifi-{ ted to us in justification ? 
cation an act ? What is the consequence of 
What does God pardon in jus-3 having the righteousness ot 
tification ? Christ imputed to us ? 
Whose sins does God pardon} By what are we accepted as 
in justification ? righteous in the sight of God? 
How many of our sins does} How is the righteousness of 
God pardon in justification?$ Christ received ? 
What does God do to our sins} What is received by faith ? 


in justification ? an 
Who accepts of us in justifi- 
cation ? 


What is the pardon of sin and 
acceptance as righteous by 
God called ? 


In how many parts does justi- 


As what are we accepted in 
fication consist ? 


justification ? : 


33. An act, A single operation.—Grace, Favor and mercy to men.— 
Wherein, In which.—Accepteth us, Receiveth us with affection and 
kindness.—Righteous, Free from all blame.—Jmputed to us, Put to our 
credit, and of which we received the benefit, as if it were our own.— 
By faith alone, Only by believing in Jesus Christ, as he is made known 
in the Bible. 

3* 


30 EXERCISES ON THE 


What is the first part of justi-? How are we who are sinners 


fication ? accepted as righteous in jus- 
What sins are pardoned in jus-3 tification? 

tification ? Whose righteousness is impu- 
What is the second part of} ted to us in justification ? 

justification ? What is the only way by which 
Who accepts us as righteous} this righteousness is re- 

in justification ? ceived ? 


* Rom. 3: 24. Being justified freely by his grace, through the re- 
demption that is in Christ Jesus.—}{ Eph. 1: 7. In whom we have the 
forgiveness of sins.—i 2 Cor. 5: 21. He hath made him tobe sin for us, 
who knew no sin, that we might be made the righteousness of God in 
him.—$ Rom. 5: 19. As by one man’s disobedience many were made 
sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous.— 
|| Rom. 3: 23. A man is justified by faith, without the deeds of the 
law. 


Q. 34. What ts adoption 2 

A. Adoption is an act of God’s free grace,* whereby 
we are received into the number, and have a night to all 
the privileges of the sons of God.} 


Whose act is adoption ? $ of the sons of God do we 

What kind of an act is adop-} receive a right in adoption? 
tion ? Is it by an act ora work of 

Into what are we received in} God, that we are received 
adoption ? z into his family ? 


In what act of God are we}By what act of God are we 
received into the number of }__ received into his family ? 
his sons ? In how many parts does adop- 

Into the number of whose sons} tion tobias 
are we admitted in adoption? } What is the first part of adop- 

To what do we receive a right} tion? 
in adoption ? What is the second part of 

To whose privileges do we} adoption? 
receive a right in adoption? What is our being received 

To how many of the privileges} into God’s family called ? 


*1 John 3:1. Behold what manner of love the Father hath bestow- 
ed upon us, that we should be cailed the sons of God.—t Rom. 8: 17. 
If children, then heirs: heirs of God, and joint-heirs with Christ. 

Q. 35. What is sanctification ? 


A. Sanctification is the work of God’s free grace,* where- 


34. Whereby, By which.—Right, Just claim.—Privileges, Blessings 
and advantages.—(Aci, free grace, see Q. 33.) 
39, Work, Gradual and progressive operation Renewed, Changed 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


31 


by we are renewed in the whole man after the image of 
God,} and are enabled more and more to die unto sin, and 


live unto righteousness. 


Is sanctification an act or a}In what manner are we ena- 


work ? 

Whose work is sanctification ? 

What kind of a work is sanc- 
tification ? 

What does God do to us in 
sanctification ? 

In what are we renewed in 
sanctification ? 

How much of the man is re- 
newed in sanctification ? 

After what are we renewed in 
sanctification ? 

After whose image are we re- 
newed in sanctification ? 

What is renewed after. the 
image of God 2? 

To what are we enabled to 
die in sanctification ? 

What are we enabled to do 
with regard to sin in sancti- 
fication ? 


bled to die unto sin? 
To what are we enabled to 
live in sanctification ? 
What are we enabled to do in 
regard to righteousness ? 
In- what manner are we ena- 
bled to live unto righteous- 
ness ? 

In how many parts does sanc- 
tification consist ? 

What is the first part of sanc-_ 
tification ? 

After what pattern are we re- 
newed in sanctification ? 

What is the second part of 
sanctification ? 

To what are we enabled to die? 

What is the third part of sanc- 
tification ? 

To what are we enabled to 
live? 


*2 Thes. 2:13. God hath from the beginning chosen you to salva- 


tion through sanctification of the Spirit and belief of the truth. Phill. 
2: 13.—f Eph, 4: 24, And that ye put on the new man, which after 
God is created in righteousness and true holiness.—! Rom. 8:1. There 
is therefore now no. condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus, 
who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit. 

Q. 36. What are the benefits which, in this life, do accom- 
pany or flow from justification, adoption, and sanctification ? 

A. The benefits which, in this life, do accompany or 
flow from justification, adoption, and sanctification, are 
assurance of God’s love, peace of conscience,* joy in the 


and made new.—The whole man, All the faculties of the soul, and ha- 
bits of the body,—Image, Likeness to the character.—Enadled, Made 
able.—Die unio sin, Become dead to the power and influence of former 
evil dispositions and habits.—Live unto righteousness, To be alive and 
active to every holy suggestion, and in the performance of all those acts 
of goodness which the Bible enjoins.—(F'ree grace, see Q. 33, 34.) 

36. Assurance of, Confiden@e of possessing.—Peace af conscience, 


32 


EXERCISES ON THE 


Holy Ghost,} increase of grace, and perseverance therein 


to the end.t 


What do assurance of God’s} Who persevere in grace to the 


love, and those other bene- 


end ? 


fits here mentioned, accom-} How many benefits do in this 


any or flow from ? 

Where do these benefits ac- 
company or flow from justi- 
fication, adoption, and sanc- 
tification ? 

Of what have they who are 
justified, adopted, and sanc- 
tified the assurance ? 

Of whose love have they the 
assurance ? 

What peace have they ? 

Of what have they peace ? 

What joy do they possess ? 

In whom have they joy ? 

In what do they increase ? 

Who increase in grace ? 

In what do they persevere ? 

For how long do they perse- 
vere in grace ? 

In what do they persevere un- 
to the end? 


life accompany or flow from 
justification, adoption, and 
sanctification ? 

What is the first benefit here 
mentioned ? 

Of what are they assured ? 

What is the second benefit 
here mentioned ? 

Of what have they peace ? 

What is the third benefit here 
mentioned ? 

In whom have they joy ? 

What is the fourth benefit here 
mentioned ? 

In what do they increase ? 

What is the fifth benefit here 
mentioned ? 

In what do they persevere ? 

Till when do they persevere ? 

What do these benefits accom- 
pany or flow from? 


*Rom. 5: 1. Being justified by faith, we have peace with God 


‘through our Lord Jesus Christ.—t 1 Pet. 1: 8. In whom, though now ye 
see him not, yet believing, ye rejoice with joy unspeakable and full of 
glory.—t Prov. 4:18. The path of the just is as a shining light, that 
shineth more and more unto the perfect day. Phill. 1:6. Rom. 8: 30. 


‘Q. 37. What benefits do believers receive from Christ at 
death ? 

A. The souls of believers are at their death made per: 
fect in holiness,* and do immediately pass into glory ; } 


Ease of mind, from a sense of pardon of sin.—Jncrease of grace, Grow- 
ing more and more in the favor of God, and receiving more pleasure and 
greater strength in the performance of difficult duties. — Perseverance 
therein, Being enabled, by the power of God, and the continued assis- 
tance of his Spirit, to continue in the performance of these duties. 

37. The souls.of believers, The thinking and reasoning principles in 
all those who believe in Jesus Christ, and serve him upon earth.—Per- 
Ject, Complete.—Holiness, Purity and freedom from sin.—Pass, Re- 
move from this world.— Gory, The brightness and happiness of hea- 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


33 


and their bodies, being still united to Christ, do rest in 
their graves till the resurrection. 


What are made 
death ? 

When are ‘the souls of be- 
lievers made perfect ? 

Whose souls are made perfect 
at death? 

In what are the souls of be- 
lievers made perfect ? 

When are the souls of believers 
made perfect in holiness ? 
What becomes of the soul of a 

believer at death? 

[nto what does the soul pass? 

What passes into glory? . 

When does the soul of a be- 
liever pass into glory ? 

How long 1s it after death: be- 

- fore the soul of a believer 

asses into glory? 

What takes place in the soul 
of a believer at death, and 
before it passes into glory? 

What part of a believer re- 
mains on earth ? 


To whom are the bodies of be-} 


perfect at 


lievers still united after death? 

What becomes of the body 
after death ? 

What is it that rests in the 

rave? 

Till when will the bodies of 
believers rest in the grave? 
How many benefits do belie- 
vers receive from Christ at 

death ? 

What is the first benefit which 
the heliever receives from 
Christ at death ? 

In what is the soul made per- 
fect ? 

What is the second benefit 
which the believer receives 
from Christ at death ? 

When does the soul pass into 
glory ? 

What is the third benefit 
which the believer receives 
from Christ at death ? 


{Till what time shall the body 


rest in the grave ? 


* Heb. 12: 23. To the spirits of just men made perfect.—f Luke 23; 


43. Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, to-day shalt thou be 
with me in paradise.—Phill. 1: 23.—t1 Thes. 4: 14,16. Them also 
which sleep in Jesus will God bring with him.—The dead in Christ shall 
rise first. 


Q. 38. What benefits do' believers receive from Christ at 
the resurrection ? 

A. At the resurrection, believers, being raised up in 
glory,* shall be openly acknowledged and acquitted in the 


ven.— United, Joined.—The resurrection, The last day, when all the 
dead shall be again raised to life. 

33. Raised up, Brought up out of their graves.—Glory, Great honor, 
beauty, and splendor.—Openly acknowledged, Owned by God, and re- 
ceived as his children before the whole world.—Acquitted, Freed and 
discharged from all the consequences of sin.—Day of judgment, Day 
when God, by Jesus Christ, shall judge all mankind.—Per/fecily blessed, 


34 EXERGISES ON THE 


day of judgment,f and made perfectly blessed in the full 
enjoying of Godf to all eternity.§ 
Who shall be raised up in glo-$ made perfectly blessed ? 


ry ? Whom shall believers enjoy ? 
In what shall believers be{For how long shall believers 


raised wi enjoy God? 
When shall believers be raised} Who shall enjoy God to all 
up.in glory? eternity ? 


Who shall be acknowledged} How many benefits will.be- 
by Christ at the judgment? 3 lievers receive from Christ 

In what manner shall they bey at the resurrection ? 
acknowledged by Christ? 3 What is the first benefit which 

What else shall be done for} believers shall receive from 
the believer, hesides being} Christ at the resurrection ? 
acknowledged ? In what manner shall believers 

In what manner shall believers} _ be raised at the resurrection ? 
be acquitted by Christ at}What is the second benefit 

ets which believers shall re- 
hen shall believers be open-$ ceive at the resurrection ? 
ly acknowledged and ac-{In what manner shall they be 
quitted by Christ ? acknowledged ? 

At what day shall believers be} What is the third benefit which 
acknowledged and acquit-} believers shall receive at the 


ted ? resurrection ? 
What shall believers be made}In what shall they be openly 
at the day of judgment ? acquitted ? 
Who shall be made perfectly} What is the fourth benefit 
blessed ? which believers shall receive 
How blessed shall believers at} at the resurrection ? 
last be made ? For how long shall believers 


In what shall believers be} be perfectly blessed ? 

*1 Cor, 15:43. It is sown in dishonor, it is raised in glory.—t Mat. 
10: 32. Whosoever therefore shall confess me before men, him will I 
confess also before my Father, which is in heaven.—! | Cor. 2:9. Eye 
hath not seen, nor ear heard, neither have entered into the heart of man, 
the things which God hath prepared for them that love him.—§ 1 Thes. 
4:17. Soshall we ever be with the Lord. 2 Cor. 5: 1. 


Q. 39. What is the duty which God requireth of man? 
A. The duty which God requireth of man is obedience 
to his revealed will.* 


Completely happy.—Enjoying of God, Possession of the love and gra- 
cious presence of God.— 7 all eternity, Time without end. 
39. His revealed wiil, His desires and precepts, so far as made known. 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 35 


What is obedience to God’s}What does God require from 


will here said to be ? man? 
Whose duty is. obedience to}'To what does God require obe- 
the will of God? dience ? [required ? 
Who requires obedience ? To whose will 1s obedience 
From whom does God require}To what will of God is obe- 
obedience ? ¢ ~=dience required ? 


* Micah 6: 8. What doth the Lord require of thee, but to do justly, 
and to love mercy, and to walk humbly with thy God. Eccl, 12: 13. 


Q. 40. What did God at first reveal to man for the rule 
of his obedience 2? 

A. The rule which God at first revealed to man for his 
obedience, was the moral law.* 
What is the moral law here} When was the moral law re- 


said to be ? vealed to man? 
For whom was the moral law} For what was the moral law 
appointed to be a rule? revealed to man ? 


Who revealed the moral law ?} What law was first revealed 
For whose obedience was the} for man’s obedience ? 

moral Jaw revealed ? 

* Rom, 2: 14. 


Q. 41. Where ts the moral law summarily comprehended ? 
A. The moral law is summarily comprehended in the 
ten commandments.* 


What is comprehended in the} mandments? 

ten commandments ? Where is the moral law sum- 
In what manner is the moral} marily comprehended ? 

law comprehended in the ten} In what commandments is the 

commandments ? moral law comprehended ? 
What law is summarily com-} Whatis summarily comprehen- 

prehended in the ten com-} ded in the commandments? 

* Deut. 10:4, He wrote on the tables, according to the writing, the 
ten commandments, which the Lord spake unto you in the mount. 
Mat. 19: 17. 

Q. 42. What ts the sum of the ten commandments ? 

A. The sum of the ten commandments is, To love the 
Lord our God with all our heart, with all our soul, with 


40. Rule, Standard or guide.—Revealed, Made known.— The moral 
Zaw, The law which regulates life and manners. 

41. Summarily comprehended, Shortly contained, or included. 

42. The sum, The substance.—Heart, Affections.—Our soul, The 
powers of our mind.—Our strength, The exerticn and perseverance of 
which we are capable.—Our mind, The inclinations of our will 


36 EXERCISES ON THE 


all our strength, and with all our mind, and our neighbor 


_ as ourselves.* 


Whom are we to love? 

foes is the Lord here said to 
ve? 

What are we to do to God ? 

Whom are we to love with all 
our heart ? 

With what are we to love 
God ? . 

What are we to do with all our 
soul? 

Whom are we to love with all 
our soul ? 

What are we to do with our 
strength ? 

With how much of our strength 
are we to love God? 

Whom are we to love with all 
our strength ? 

What are we to do with all 
* Mat. 22: 37—40. 


our mind? ‘ 

Whom are we to love with all 
our mind ? 

Who are to love God with all 
their mind ? 

What are we to do to our 
neighbor ? 

How are we to love our neigh- 
bor ? 

What is this love to God and 
our neighbor here said to be? 

In how many ways are we 
here required to love God? 

What is the first ? 

What is the second ? 

What is the third ? 

What is the fourth 2? 

In what manner are we to love 
our neighbor ? 


Q. 43. What is the preface to the ten commandments ? 

A. The preface to the ten commandments is in these 
words, “I am the Lord thy God, which have brought thee 
out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.” * 


To what is this statement the} 


reface ? 
o 1s the person who speaks 
in this preface ? 
What does God in this preface 
say he is? 
Whose God is the Lord ? 
Who is our God ? 
Out of what had God brought 
his people ? 
Out of what 
drought them ? 


Out of what house 


Egypt ? 


Whom: had the Lord brought 


from the land of Egypt ? 
ahd the 
Lord hrought his people ? 


Who had been brought out of 


the house of bondage ? 

y whom were they brought 
out ot the house of bond- 
age 


land had he}To ‘what is this statement of 


God prefixed ? 


Who had brought the Lord’s$ What is this statement here 


people from the land of 
* Exod. 20: 2. 


called ? 


43. Preface, Part which goes before, and forms the introduction. 


Bondage, Servitude, or slavery. 


SHORTEH CATECHISM. 


37 


Q. 44. What doth the preface to the ten commandments 


teach us 2 


A. The preface to the ten commandments teacheth us, 
That because God is the Lord, and our God and Ree 
deemer, therefore we are bound to keep all his command. 


ments.* 


Who are intended to be taught } 


by this preface to the ten 
commandments ? 

Who is the universal Lord ? 

What is God to us ? 

Whose Redeemer is God ? 

Who is our God? 

What are we bound to keep ? 

Whose commandments are we 
bound to keep ? 

How many of God’s com- 
mandments are we bound to 
keep ? 

Who are bound to keep all 
God’s commandments 

Why are we bound to keep all 


God’s commandments 7 
How or reasons are here 
given why we should keep 
God’s commandments ? 
What is the first reason ? 
What is the second reason? 
What is the third reason ? 
What should we do because 
God is the Lord ? 
What are we bound to do be- . 
cause God is our God ? 
What should gratitude to God, 
as our Redeemer, constrain 
us to do? 
Where are we taught these 
lessons? 


* Josh. 24: 18. Therefore will we also serve the Lord: for he is our 


Gods? ‘Pa. 452° 1. 


1 Cor. 6: 20. Yeare bought with a price; there- 


fore glorify God in your body, and in your spirit, which are God’s. 
Q. 45. What is the first commandment ? 
A. The first commandment is, Thou shalt have no other 


gods before me. 
What are we not to have? 


before God ? 


Before whom are we to have} What commandment forbids 


no other gods ? 


Who are to have no other gods 


our having any other gods 
before God ? , F 


Q@. 46. What is required in the first commandment ? 

A. The first commandment requireth us to know* and 
acknowledge God to be the only true God,} and our God ;$ 
and to worship and glorify him accordingly.§ 


44. Redeemer, Deliverer from death and hell, by buying us back again 
to himself, by his own death. Bound, Under strong obligations.— 


Keep, Attend to and obey. 


45. Before me, Except me, or in my presence or sight. 
46, Requireth, Enjoins, or demands.—Know, Becomes acquainted 
with.—Acknowledge, To own, or confess.— Worship, Pay divine honors 
4 


38 


Whom are we required to 
know? 

Who are to know God ? 

What is required of us when 
we know God ? 

Whom are we to acknow- 
ledge? 

Who are to acknowledge God ? 

What are we required to know 
and acknowledge God to be? 

What are we required to know 
and acknowledge God to be 
in himself? 

What are we to know and ac- 
knowledge God to he to us ? 

What are we required to do 
when we know God ? 

, Whom are we to worship? 

As what are we to worship 
God ? 


What is required of us besides? 


EXERCISES ON THE 


the worshipping of God ? 

Whom are we to glorify ? 

Who are to glorify God? 

As what are we to glorify God? 

In how many characters are 
we required to know and 
acknowledge God ? 

What is the first character m 
which we are to know and 
acknowledge God ? 

What is the second ? 

How many things are we re- 
quired to do to God when 
we know him? 

What is the first thing requir- 
ed of those who know God 
to be their God ? 

What is the second ? 

In what character is God to be. 
worshipped and glorified ? 


* 1 Chron, 283: 9. Know thou the God of thy father. Job 22: 21. 
Acquaint now thyself with him.—t2 Kings 19:15. Thou art the God, 
even thou alone.—? Ps. 48: 14. This is our God forever and ever.— 
§ Mat. 4: 10. Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only 


shalt thou serve. 


1 Chron, 16: 25, 26. 


Q. 47. What is forbidden in the first commandment ? 

A. The first commandment forbiddeth the denying or 
not worshipping and glorifying the true God, as God,* 
and our God ; and the giving of that worship and glory 
to any other which is due to him alone.f 


Whom are we not to deny? 

What God are we not to de- 
ny? 

As what are we not to deny 
God ? 


of God? 

Whose worship are we not to 
neglect ? 

Who are not to neglect the 
worship of God? 


What «loes this commandment} Whom are we not to neglect 


forbid, besides the denying 


to glorify ? 


to.—Glorify him, Be ourselves sensible of, and make known his power 
and perfections to others.—Accordingly, As such; viz. as the only true 


God, and our God. 


47. Forbiddeth, Bids us refrain from, or prohibits. Denying, Refus- 


ing to confess or acknowledge.—Is due, 


paid.—Alone, Only. 


longs to, and ought to be 


SHORTLR CATECHISM. 


39 


In what characters are we to}Who are forbidden to give 


worship and glorify God ? 


What are we not to deny God} 
to be, in respect to ourselves? $ 


What are we forbidden to give 
to any other ? 


supreme worship and glory 
to any other but God ? 
What is due to God iene 
To whom is supreme worship 
and glory alone due? 


* Ps. 14: 1. The fool hath said in his heart, there is no God. Is, 43: 


22. Ps. 81: 11.—f Rom. 1: 25, 


Who change the truth of God into a 


lie, and worship and serve the creature more than the Creator, who is 


blessed forever, Amen. 


Q. 48. What are we specially taught by these words (be- 
fore me) in the first commandment ? 

A. These words (before me) in the first command. 
ment teach us, That God, who seeth all things,* taketh 
notice of, and is much displeased with, the sin of having 


any other god.} 


How many words are here}Who is displeased with this 


taken notice of ? 

From whence are these two 
words taken ? 

Who spake these words ? 

What are the words here taken 
notice of? 

Who is meant-by the word 
“ Me,” in these words ? 

Who sees all things ? 

What part of the first com- 
mandment teaches us that 
God sees all things ? 

What does God see? 

How many things does God 
see? 

Of what does God take notice ? 

Who takes notice of this sin? 

What part of the first com- 
mandment teaches us that 
God takes notice of this sin ? 

With what is God specially 
displeased ? 


* Heb. 4: 13. 


sin ? 
In what manner is God dis- 
leased with this sin ? 
ho are not to have any other 
God? 

What is the having of any 
other God said to be? 

Where do these words “ be- 
fore me” occur ? 

How many lessons do these 
words teach us? 

What is the first lesson which 
the words “before me” 
teach us ? 

What is the second lesson 
which they teach ? 

Of what does God take no- 
tice ? 

What is the third lesson which 
these words teach us? 

With what is God much dis- 
pleased ? 


Neither is there any creature that is not manifest in 


his sight: but all things are naked and open unto the eyes of him with 


43, Taketh notice of, Attentively observes.—Much displeased, Very 


angry. 


40 


whom we have to do.—t Ps. 44: 20, 21. 
hands to a strange god, shall not God search this out. 
. 49, What is the second commandment ? 

A. The second commandment is, Thou shalt not make 
unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing 
that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, 
or that is in the waters under the earth. Thou shalt not 
bow down thyself to them, nor serve them; for I the 
Lord thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of 
the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth 
generation of them that hate mé; and showing mercy 
unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my com- 


EXERCISES ON THE 


If we have stretched out our 
Deut. 32: 16. 


mandments. 


What are we not to make to 
ourselves ? 

Who are not to make any 

raven image ? 

Of what are we to make no 
likeness ? 

What is here said to be above? 

What are we not to do to any 
thing that is in the heaven 
above ? 

What is here said to be be- 
neath ? 

What are we not to do to any 
thing that is in the earth be- 
neath 2? 

What is here said to be under 
the earth? 

What are we not to do to an 
thing that is in the waters ? 

What are we here forbidden to 
do to images, or idols, when 
they are made ? 


What are we not to bow down? } 


To what are we not to bow 
down ourselves ? 

What are we not to do to im- 
ages or idols, besides not 
bowing down to them? 

What are we not to serve ? 

Who are not to serve idols ? 

What does God here declare 
himself to be to all his crea- 
tures ? 

What does God here say he is 
to us? 

What does God here say he is 
in himself? 

What does God here say with 
respect to the iniquity of 
the fathers ? 

Upon whom does God visit 
the iniquity of the fathers? 

What does God visit upon the 
children ? 

Whose iniquities does God 
visit upon the children ? 


49. Graven image, Hewn, cut, or carved representation.—Bow, Bend. 


—Serve them, Perform the ceremonies which may belong to their wor- 
ship.—A jealous God, A God exceedingly watchful and suspicious in 
any thing relating to my worship.— Visiting, Inflicting the punishinent 
due to.—Iniquity, Sins. —Third and fourth generation, Grandchildren 
and great-grandchildren.—Showing mercy, Granting forgiveness and 
showing kindness. 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


Who visits the iniquities of 
the fathers upon the chil- 
dren ? 

To what extent is it here said 
that God will visit the ini- 
quities of the fathers upon 
the children ? 

What dispositions have these 
generations towards God ? 
What does God do to the ge- 
nerations of those who hate 

him? 

What does God do to those 
who love him ? 


Q. 50. What is required in 


41 


Who shows mercy unto those 


who love God? 

To whom does God show 
mercy ? . 
To how many does God here 

say he shows mercy ? 
Whom do they love ? 
What do those who love God 
do to his commandments ? 
Whose commandments do they 
keep ? , 

What does God do to those 
who love him and keep his 
commandments ? 


the second commandment 2 


A. The second commandment requireth the receiving, 


observing, and keeping 


pure and entire,* all such reli- 


gious worship and ordinances as God hath appointed in 


his word. 


What hath God in his word} How are 


appointed to be observed ? 

Who hath appointed religious 
worship and ordinances to 
be observed ? 

In what hath God given direc- 
tions regarding his worship 
and ordinances ? 

Who are to receive the ordi- 
nances of God as appointed 
in his word ? 

What are we to observe as 
well as to receive ? 

What are we to do with re- 
spect to the worship and or- 
dinances of God, besides re- 
ceiving and observing them ? 

What are to be kept ? 

How are these ordinances to 
be kept ? 

What are to be kept pure ? 


they to be kept, be- 
sides being kept pure ? 

What worship and ordinances 
are to be kept pure and en- 
tire ? 

Where are these ordinances 
appointed ? 

In whose word are they ap- 
pointed ? 

How many things are here 
mentioned as having been 
appointed by God ? 

What is the first thing here 
mentioned as having been 
appointed by God ? 

What is the second thing here 
mentioned as having been 
appointed by God ? 


‘Where has God given direc- 


tions regarding his worship 
and ordinances ? 


50, Receiving, Accepting as a gift.— Observing, Doing what is enjoin- 
ed.—Pure, Free from mixture.—Entire, Not taking any thing from.— 
Ordinances, Holy obecrvances-=A ppointed, Directed to be performed. 

4 


e 


42 EXERCISES ON THE 


How many things are here} required of us? ; 
required of us, in respect} How much of God’s worshi 
to God’s worship and ordi-$ is to be received, observed, 


nances ? and kept pure and entire ? 
What is the first duty here; How many of God’s ordi- 
‘required of us? nances are to be received, 
What.is the second duty here} observed, and kept pure and 
required of us? entire ? 
What is the third duty here} What commandment requires 
required of us? the keeping .of God’s ordi- 


What is the fourth duty here} nances pure and entire ? 


* Deut. 12: 32. What thing soever I command you, observe to do 
it; thou shalt not add thereto, nor diminish from it. Mat. 28: 20. 
Teaching them to observe all things, whatsoever I have commanded 
you. Luke 1: 6. 


Q. 51. What is forbidden in the second commandment ? 

A. The second commandment forbiddeth the worship- 
ping of God by images,* or any other way not appointed 
in his word.+ 


Who is not to be worshipped} Where has God given direc- 


by images ? tions regarding his worship ? 
By what is God not to be wor-$ Whose word gives directions 

shipped ? regarding the worship of 
What is not to be done by} God? 

images ? What are we not to do in an 


What commandment forbids} other way than that whic 
the worshipping of God by} has been appointed by God ? 
images ? 3 
* Deut. 4: 15,16. Take ye therefore good heed unto yourselves, (for 

ye saw no manner of similitude on the day that the Lord spake unto 

you in Horeb,) lest you corrupt yourselves, and make unto you a graven 
image. Col. 2: 18.—f Deut. 4: 2. Ye shall not add unto the word 
which I command you, neither shall ye diminish aught from it, that ye 
may keep the commandments of the Lord your God, which I command 
you. : 

Q. 52. What are the reasons annexed to the second com- 
mandment ? ‘ 

A, The reasons annexed to the second commandment 
are, God’s sovereignty over us,* his property in us,f and 
the zeal he hath to his own worship. 


—— 


51. Images, Likeness or representations. 

52. Reasons, Motives to induce us to keep it.—Annered, Added.— 
Sovereignty, Supreme power and authority.—Property in us, Being 
aur only master and owner.—Zea/, Warm and passionate concern, 


\ 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 43 


Who has the sovereignty over} ship? 


us 7 What hath God for his own 
What has God over us? worship ? 
Over whom has God the sove-} How many reasons for keep- 
reignty ? ing the second command- 
Whose property are we? ment are annexed toit? ‘ 
What is it here said that God} What is the first reason an- 
has in us? nexed to the second com- 
In whom has God a property ?$ mandment ? ar 
For what is God zealous ? What is the second reason? 
For whose worship is God} What is the third reason? 
zealous ? To what commandment are 


Who is zealous for God’s wor-} these reasons annexed ? 


*Is, 33: 22. The Lord is our judge, the Lord is our lawgiver, the 
Lord is our king; he will save us.—f Ps. 95: 7. He is our God, and we 
are the people of his pasture, and the sheep of his hand.—t! Exod. 34: 
14. For thou shalt worship no other God; for the Lord, whose name 
is jealous, is a jealous God. 


(. 53. Which is the third commandment ? 

A. The third commandment is, Thou shalt not take the 
name of the Lord thy God in vain; for the Lord will not 
hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain. 


What is not to be taken in} God in vain? 


vain ? Who will not be held guiltless? 
Whose name is not to be taken} What will be done to those 

in vain? who take God’s name in 
What is the Lord here said to} vain? 

be? By whom will they not be held 
What is not to be done to the uiltless ? 

name of God ? What do they take in vain, 


Who are not to take the name{ who will not be held guilt- 
of the Lord in vain? + ‘} less? 

Who will not hold them guilt-} Whose name do all such take 
less who take the name of; in vain? 


Q. 54. What is required in the third commandment ? 
A. The third commandment requireth the holy and 


53, Take the name of, Utter, or use those peculiar titles, works, or 
attributes which make known and distinguish from every other being. 
—In vain, In a light, irreverent, or improper manner.— Guiltless, Free 
from the liability to punishment. 

54. Holy, Pure, sinless.—Reverend, Humble, submissive, and re- 
spectful.—God’s names, The names which distinguish, and are peculiar 
ly applied to the Almighty, as God, Lord, Jehovah.—Ttles, The terms 
of dignity and honor applied only to God, as “ Lord of Hosts,” “God of 


44 EXERCISES ON THE 


reverend use of God’s names,* titles,t attributes,t ora- 
nances,§ word,|| and works.§[ 


In what manner are God’s 
names to be used ? 

Whose names are to be used 
in a holy and reverend man- 
ner? 

Who are required to use God’s 
names in a holy and rever- 
end manner ? 

What are to be used in a holy 
and reverend manner besides 
God’s names? 

What are to be used in a holy 
and reverend manner besides 
God’s names and titles ? 

What else ? 

What else? 

What are to be used in a holy 
and reverend manner besides 
God’s names, titles, attri- 
butes, ordinances and word ? 

In what manner are we to 
use God’s names, titles, at- 
tributes, ordinances, word, 
and works ? 

How many ways are here enu- 
merated, by which God re- 
veals his name, or makes 
himself known to his crea- 
tures ? 


What is the first way here 
mentioned, by which God 
makes himself known ? 

What is the second way by 
which God makes himself 
known ? 

What is the third way by 
which God makes himself 
known? 

What is the fourth way b 
which God makes himsel 
known ? 

What is the fifth way by which 
God makes himself known? 

What is the sixth way b 
which God makes himeelt 
known ? 

How many things are required 
of us in using those things hy 
which God reveals himself? 

What is the first thing required 
of us, in the use of these 
names, &c.? 

What is the second thing re- 
uired of us, in the use of 
od’s names, &c.? 

What commandment requires 

the holy and reverend use 
of God’s names ? 


* Ps. 29: 2. Give unto the Lord the glory due unto his name.—f Rey. 


15:3. Great and marvellous are thy works, Lord God Almighty ; just 
and true are thy ways, thou King of saints.—! Rey. 4: 8. Holy, Holy, 
Holy, Lord God Almighty, which was, and is, and is to come.—S Eccl. 
5:1. Keep thy foot when thou goest to the house of God, and be more 
ready to hear, than to give the sacrifice of fools.—|| Prov, 13: 13. Who- 
so despiseth the word shall be destroyed; but he that feareth the com- 
all Grace,’’ ‘‘God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.”»—Attributes, The 

ualities, or properties of nature and character ascribed only to God ag 
their origin and source, such as ‘‘ Almighty,” “ Holy,” “ Powerful.»— 
Ordinances, All those significant services and ceremonies of worshi 
po aed or ordained by God to be observed by his Mestiires, Waar 

he Bible.-— Works, The things which he has made and still preserves, 
and regulates by the continued operations of his providence. 


te in tat i tl 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


45 


mandment shall be rewarded. Ps. 138: 2.—T Job 16: 24. Remember 
that thou magnify his work which men behold. 

Q. 55. What ts forbidden in the third commandment ? 

A. The third commandment forbiddeth all profaning 
or abusing of any thing whereby God maketh himself 


known.* 


What is not to be profaned ? 
Who maketh himself known ? 
What does God make known ? 
What kind of profanation of 
God’s name is hefe forbid- 


en? 
What is here forbidden besides 
the profaning of God’s name? 
What are we here forbidden to 
rofane or abuse ? 


How many things are here 
forhidden ? 

What is the first thing here 
forbidden ? 

What are we not to profane ? 

What is the second thing here 
forbidden ? 

What are we forbidden to 
abuse ? 

What commandment forbids 


Who is made known ? 

Who makes God known ? 

By what does God make him- 
self known ? 

* Ley. 18: 21. Neither shalt thou profane the name of thy God. 
games 5: 12. Swear no, neither by heaven, neither by the earth, nei- 
ther by any oath; but let your yea be yea, and your nay, nay. 

Q. 56. What is the reason annexed to the third command- 
ment ? 

A. The reason annexed to the third commandment is, 
That however the breakers of this commandment may 
escape, punishment from men, yet the Lord our God will 
not suffer them to escape his righteous judgment.* 

Who may escape ? cape ? 
From what inay the breakers} From whose punishment may 

.of this commandment es-{ they escape? 


our profaning or abusing any 
thing by which God makes 
himself known ? 


55. Profaning, Treating with irreverence or disrespect.— Abusing, 
Putting to a wicked purpose, or improperly using.—Any thing, Those 
names, titles, attributes, ordinances, word, or works.—Whereby, By 
which.—Maketh himself known, Makes his nature, character, and 
perfections known to, and understood ‘by, his rational creatures. 

56. However, Although.— Breakers of, Persons who neglect to obey, 
or transgress.— scape punishment, Not receive the inflictions of such 
penalties as are due to this sin.—Suffer, Allow, or permit.—Escape, 
Avoid, or to get away unobserved from.—Righteous, Tint and equitable. 
—Judgment, Trial of their conduct, and the sentence and punishment 
due to it.—(Reason annexed, see 52.) : 


46 EXERCISES ON THE 


Who may escape punishment} not escape? | 

from men ? What is this Judgment here 
Who will not suffer them to} called? ae ht : 

escape ? Whose righteous judgment is 
What is the Lord here said to} this? 

he? What may the breakers of this 
Whom will God not suffer to} commandment escape ? 

escape ? What shall they not escape ? 
From what will God not suf-$ Who shall not escape God’s 

fer them to escape ? righteous judgment ? 
Whose judgment shall they 

* Deut. 28: 58, If thou wilt not observe to do all the words of this 
law, that are written in this book, that thou mayest fear this glorious 
and fearful name, ‘TRE LORD THY GOD;’ then the Lord will make 
thy plagues wonderful. 

Q. 57. Which is the fourth commandment ? 

A. The fourth commandment is, Remember the Sab- 
bath-day, to keep it holy. Six days shalt thou labor, and 
do all thy work; but the seventh day is the Sabbath of 
the Lord thy God: in it thou shalt net do any work, thou, 
nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy man-servant, nor thy 
maid-servant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is with- 
in thy gates. For in six days the Lord made heaven and 
earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the 
seventh day: wherefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath 
day, and hallowed it. | 


What are we toremember? {What are we permitted to do 
For what purpose are we to} during the six week days? 


remember the Sabbath? What is the seventh day here 
What is to be kept holy? 3 said to be? 
In what manner are we to keep} Whose Sabhath was the se- 
the Sabbath ? venth day ? 
When are we to labor? What is the Lord here said to 


How many days are allowed} be? 
us by God for the purpose} What are we not to do on the 
of labor? ; Sabbath-day? 


en 


57. Remember, Keep in mind, do not forget.—Sabbath-day, Day of 
rest.—Keep it holy, Set it apart from other days for holy and religious 
purposes.—Labor, Engage in thy ordinary occupation. —T/y stranger, 
Any person not belonging to thy family.—Gates, House.—All that in 
them is, Every thing that is in the earth and sea.—Wherefore, For 
which reason.—Hadlowed it, Sanctified, or made it holy. 


ee) ae ee eee 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


47 


When are we to do no work 73 Who hallowed and blessed the 


Who are to do no work on the 
Sabbath-day besides our- 
selves ? 

What are the cattle not to do? 

What is here said regarding 
the stranger ? ‘ 


Sabbath ? 

Why did God hallow and bless 
the Sabbath ? 

How many classes are here 
forbidden to Jabor on the 
Sabbath ? 


What strangers are to do no} What is the first class of per- 


work on the Sabbath ? 

What is required of the stran- 

er that is within our gates ? 

What did the Lord make? 

In what space of time did God 
make all things ? 

Who made the heavens and 
earth in six days ? 

What did God make in the 
six days besides the heaven, 
earth, and sea ? 

Who made all that is in the 
heaven, earth, and seas ? 
What did God do after making 

all things ? 

When did God rest ? 

On what day did God rest? 


‘ sons forbidden to work on 
the Sabbath ? 

What is the second? : 

What is the third ? 

What is the fourth? 

What is the fifth ? 

What is the sixth? 

What is the seventh ? 

What are we, our children, 
servants, cattle, and stran- 
gers, here forbidden to do? 

How many things are here 
enumerated as being made 
by God? 

What is the first ? 

What is the second ? 

What is the third ? 


What had God done on the} What is the fourth? 


revious six days ? 
1at did God do to the Sab- 
bath 2 
What did God bless ? 
What did God do to the Sab- 
bath besides blessing it? 
What did God hallow ? 


How many things did God do 
to the Sabbath ? 

What was the first ? 

What was the second ? 

iy did God bless and sanc- 

_ uify the Sabbath? 


Q. 58. What is required in the fourth commandment ? 

A. The fourth commandment requireth the keeping 
holy to God such set times* as he hath appointed in his 
word; expressly one whole day in seven,f to be a holy 


Sabbath to himself. 


58. Set, Particular.—Appointed, Fixed, or specified.—E-xpressly, Es- 


pecially and plainly.—Whole, Complete.— 


(Keeping holy, see Q. 50. 


‘abbath, Day of rest.— 


“” 


48 EXERCISES ON THE 


What are to be kept holy? expressly appointed ? 
What timesare to be kept holy ?} How much of that seventh day 
What is our duty respecting} does God’ claim for himself? 
these set times ? For what hath God appointed 
To whom are these set times} one whole day in seven? 
to be kept holy ? What kind of Sabbath is that 
By whom are these set times} seventh day to be? 
appointed ? Whose Sabbath is this seventh 
What hath God appointed ? day ? 
In what hath God appointed} Who Preeti this seventh 
these set times ? day to be set apart as a holy 
In whose word are these set? Sabbath? 
times appointed ? What is this seventh day ap- 
What has been appointed in} pointed to be? 
God’s word ? To whom is the seventh day to 
What portion of time has God} be a holy Sabbath ? 


* Lev. 19: 30. Ye shall keep my Sabbaths, and reverence my sanc- 
tuary: Iam the Lord, Deut. 5: 14, Keep the Sabbath to sanctify it, 
as the Lord thy God hath commanded thee.—t Deut. 5: 14. The se- 
venth day is the Sabbath of the Lord thy God. Exod. 35: 2. On the 
“apt day there shall be to you a holy day, a Sabbath of rest to the 

ord. 31:15. 


Q. 59. Which day of the seven hath God appointed to be 
the weekly Sabbath 2 

A. From the beginning of the world to the resurrection 
of Christ, God appointed the seventh day of the week to 
be the weekly Sabbath ;* and the first day of the week 
ever since, to continue to the end of the world, which is 
the Christian Sabbath. 


What did God appoint ? Sabbath ? 
What was the seventh day ap-} Who appointed the seventh 
re to be? day to be the weekly Sab- 


ich day was first appointed} bath? ‘ 
to be the weekly Sabbath ? } Till what time was the seventh 
When was the seventhdayap-} day kept as the Sabbath? 
pointed to be the ease, Till whose resurrection ? 


59. Beginning, Creation.— Resurrection of Christ, Rising of Christ 
from the grave, after his being crucified.— The seventh day of the week, 
That day of the week which answers to our Saturday.—F rst day of 
the week, The day commonly called Sunday, which is our Sabbath.— 
Ever since, Since the time when Christ rose.—Continwe, Remain the 
same.—Christian Sabbath, Day of holy rest, kept by all those who 
profess the Christian religion. (Appointed, see Q. 50.) 


~ 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 49 


What day was kept as the} end of the world? 
Sabbath from the creation till} What is the rest of the first 
the resurrection of Christ ? day here called? 

On what day is the Sabbath} What day was first he 


now kept? to be the weekly Sabbath ? 
When was the day of the Sab-} From what time” was the se- 

bath changed ? venth day kept as the week- 
From what day was it chang-} ly Sabbath? 

ed? When was the day of the Sab- 


To what day was the Sabbath} bath changed ? 


changed after the resurrec-} To what day was the weekly 
tion of Christ 7 Sabbath changed ? 
For how long shall the first} What is the first-day Sabbath 
day of the week continue to} called? 
be the weekly Sabbath ? For how long shall the Sab- 
On what day shall the Chris-} bath be kept on the first day 
tian Sabbath be kept till the} of the sabEle 2 
* Gen. 2:3. And God blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it. 
Deut. 5: 14.—f Acts 20: 7, Upon the first day of the week, when the 


‘disciples came together to break bread, Paul preached unto them. Rey. 
1: 10. I was in the Spirit on the Lord’s day. 


Q. 60. How is the Sabbath to be sanctified ? 

A. The Sabbath is to be sanctified by a holy resting all 
that day, even from such worldly employments and re- 
creations as are lawful on other days ;* and spending the 
whole time in the public and private exercises of God’s 
worship,t except so much as is to be taken up in the 
works of necessity and mercy.t 


On what day are we to rest ? to be kept as a holy rest ? 
What kind of rest is required} What is this keeping of the 
of us on the Sabbath ? Sabbath by holy resting call- 
When are we to keep a holy} ed? 
rest? From what are we to rest on 
How muci of the Sabbath is} the Sabbath ? 


60. Sanctified, Kept holy, and distinguished from the other days.-~ 
Holy resting, Religious remission from labor.— Worldly employments, 
Trades and occupations by which we gain our livelihoods.—Recreations, 
Diversions and amusements.—Lawful, Permitted by God.—Spending, 
Making use of —Public and private exercises of God’s worship, Open 
and avowed religious exercises of the church, and secret and family 
exercises.—T'aken wp, Employed.— Works of necessity and mercy, 
Acts which cannot be delayed till another day, or in acts which would 
relieve from suffering or death. . 


50 


What are we to do on the 
Sabbath with respect to our 
worldly employments ? 

From what employments are 
we to rest on the Sabbath ? 

From what are we to rest on 
the Sabbath, besides our 
worldly employments ? 

What kind of worldly employ- 
ments and recreations are 
here mentioned, from which 
we are to rest on the Sabbath? 

When are our ordinary world- 
ly employments and recrea- 
tions lawful ? 

When are our ordinary world- 
ly employments unlawful? 
What has God enjoined us to 
do on Sabbath with respect 
to our worldly employments 

and recreations ? 

How are we to spend the Sab- 
bath ? 

In what exercises are wd to 
spend the Sabbath ? 

In whose worship are we to 
spend the Sabbath ? 

In ate many ways are we to 
worship God on the Sab- 
bath ? 


EXERCISES ON THE 


What is the first ? 

What kind of worship must 
we attend to on Sabhath be- 
sides public worship ? 

What time of the Sabbath is 
to be taken up in the pub- 
lic and private exercises of 
God’s worship ? 

What is allowed by God on 
Sabbath, besides the exer- 
cise of worship ? 

What may be taken up in 
works of necessity and mer- 
cy ? 

What kind of works are al- 
lowed on the Sebbath ? 

From how many things are 
we to rest on the Sabbath ? 

What is the first ? 

What is the second ? 

In how many kinds of worship 
are we to engage on the 
Sabbath ? 

What is the first ? 

What is the second ? 

How many kinds of works are 
allowed to take up the time 
of the Sabbath ? 

What is the first ? 

What is the second ? 


* Lev. 23: 3. Six days shall work be done; but the seventh day is 


the Sabbath of rest, a holy convocation; ye shall do no work therein. 
Is. 58: 13. If thou turn away thy foot from the Sabbath, from doing 
thy pleasure on my holy day; and call the Sabbati: a delight, the holy 
of the Lord, honorable; and shalt honor him, not doing thine own ways, 
nor finding thine own pleasure, nor speaking thine own words.—t Ts. 
66: 23. From one Sabbath to another shall all flesh come to worship 
before me, saith the Lord. Lev. 23: 3. It is the Sabbath of the Lord 
in all your dwellings. Acts 17: 2.—!Mat. 12: 1. Jesus went on the 
Sabbath-day through the corn: and his disciples were a hungered, and 
began to'pluck the ears of corn, and to eat. 12:12. It is lawful to do 
well on the Sabbath-days. 


Q. 61. What ts forbidden in the fourth commandment ? 
A. The fourth commandment forbiddeth the omissicn 
or careless performance of the duties required,* and the 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


51 


profaning the day by idleness,} or doing that which is in 
itself sinful, or by unnecessary thoughts, words, or works, 
about our worldly employments or recreations.t 


Of what does the fourth com- 
mandment forbid the omis- 
sion?’ 4 

What else is forbidden with 
respect to these duties, be- 
sides their omission ? 

What kind of performance of 
the duties of Sabbath is here 
forbidden ? | 

Of what duties does the fourth 
commandment forbid the 
omission or careless _per- 
formance ? 

What are we not to profane? 

By what are we not to profane 
the Sabbath ? 

What is not to be profaned by 
idleness ? 

What is idleness on Sabbath 
said to be? 

What are we here forbidden 
to do on the Sabbath ? 

When are we specially forbid- 
den to do any thing in itself 
sinful ? 

What kind of thoughts, words, 
or works are forbidden upon 
Sabbath ? 

Upon what aré the unneces- 
sary thoughts, words, and 
works said to be exercised, 
which are here forbidden ? 

About what are we not unne- 
cessarily to think on Sab- 


— 


bath? 

What kind of unnecessary 
words, or conversation, is 
forbidden on Subbath ? 

What kind of unnecessary 
works are forbidden on Sab- 
bath ? 

About what are we forbidden 
to think, speak, or act on 
the Sabbath ? 

How many things are here for- 
bidden respecting the duties 
of the Sabbath ? 

What is the first thing here 
forbidden ? 

What is the second thing here 
forbidden ? 

In how many ways are we 
here forbidden to profane 
the Sabbath ? 

What is the first thing here 
forbidden by which the Sab- 
bath is profaned ? 

What is the second ? 

What is the third ? 

How many unnecessary things 
are here forbidden with res- 

“ pect to our worldly concerns? 

What is the first ? 

What is the second ? 

What is the third ? 

About how many things are 
these unnecessary thoughts, 
words, and works forbidden? 


61. Omission, Not doing.—Careless performance, Doing in a careless 


and indifferent manner.—Duties required, Acts and exercises which 
God requires to be done on the Sabbath.—Profaning the day, Treating 
the day witn irreverence or disrespect.—Jdleness, Doing nothing, or tri- 
fling away the time.—In itself sinful, A sin, though committed on a 
week day.— Unnecessary, Needless. (See Q. 16.) 


52 EXERCISES ON THE 


What is the first thing about} or works? 

which we are not to indulge { What is the second ? 

unnecessary thoughts, words 

* Deut. 10: 12. Serve the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with 
all thy soul. Ezek. 22: 26.—t Ezek. 23: 38. They have defiled my 
sanctuary in the same day, and have profaned my Sabbaths. Ex. 20: 8. 
Remember the Sabbath-day to keep it holy.—t Amos 8: 5, When will 
the new moon he gone, that we may seil corn ? and the Sabbath that we 
may set forth wheat? Jer. 17: 21. Thus saith the Lord; Take heed 
to yourselves, and bear no burden on the Sabbath-day. Is. 58: 13, 

Q. 62. What are the reasons annexed to the fourth com- 
mandment 2 

A. The reasons annexed to the fourth commandment 
are, God’s allowing us six days of the week for our own 
employment,* his challenging a special propriety in the 
seventh,t his own example,t and his blessing the Sab- 
bath-day.§ 


What are we allowed ? What day was blessed ? 

How many, days are we allow- } Who blessed the Sabbath ? 
ed? What did God do to the Sab- 

Who allows six days? bath ? 


Who are allowed six days? 3 What did God bless? 

For what purpose are we al-$ How many reasons are here 
lowed six days? given why we should keep 

What six days*are allowed us; the Sabbath? 
for worldly employments? % What is the first reason an- 


What does God challenge? _ nexed to the fourth com- 

In what does he challenge af mandment why we should 
special propriety ? keep the Sabbath ? 

Who challenges a special pro-$ What is the second reason 
priety in the Sabbath ? given ? 


Whose example is held out for What is the third reason ? 
us to follow in keeping the } What is the fourth reason? 
Sabbath ? , 


* Ex. 31:15. ‘Six days may work be done.—} Lev. 23:3. The se- 
venth day is the Sabbath of rest, a holy convocation: ye shall do no 
work therein: it is the Sabbath of the Lord.—! Ex. 31: 17. Itis asign 
between me and the children of Israel forever : for in six days the Lord 
made Heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he rested-and was re- 
freshed,—§$ Gen. 2: 3. God blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it. 


62. Allowing, Giving or permitting.—Challenging, Ciaiming.—A 
special propriety, A more particular right of property.—Erample, 
Resting on the Sabbath as a pattern tous. (Employment, see Q. 60.—- 
Blessing, see Q. 57.—Reasons annexed, see Q. 52.) 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 53 


Q. 63. Which is the fifth commandment ? 

A. The fifth commandment is, Honor thy father and 
thy mother; that thy days may be long upon the land 
which the Lord thy God giveth thee. 


What are we here commanded { What is the Lord here said to 


to do to our father and mo-{ be to us? 
ther ? ; What does God give to his 
Who are to be honored ? eople ? 
Who are to honor their father} What does God here promise . 
and mother ? to those who keep this com- ° 


What shall be made long, if} mandment? 
we honor our father and}To whom shall God give 


mother ? ; length of days? 
What shall tend to make our} Who has promised long life to 
days long? those who honor their father 


What is here said of the place} and mother? 

where our days shall be} What commandment requires: 

made long? us to honor our father and 
Who gives us the use of the} mother? : 

land in which we dwell? 

Q. 64. What is required in the fifth commandment ? 

A. The fifth commandment requireth the preserving 
the honor, and performing the duties belonging to every 
one* in their several places and relations, as superiors,} 
inferiors,¢ or equals. 


What does the fifth command-$ sons whose honor we are to 
ment require us to preserve ? reserve, and the duties he- 

What does the fifth command- onging to whom we are to 
ment require us to perform ? erform ? 


What is required as to the} What are those several places 
honorbelonging toeveryone?} and relations in society here 
What duties are to be per-} mentioned ? 
formed ? How many places and rela- 
What is here said of those per-; tions are here mentioned ? 


63. Honor, Love, reverence, obey, and provide for.—Long, Prosper- 
ous, happy, and long continued. 

64. Preserving, Keeping or defending. —Performing, Doing.—Seve- 
ral, Different and distinct.—Places, Stations in society.— Relations, 
Connections with each other.—Swperiors, Those who are above us in 
society, or who have authority over us.—IJnferiors, Those who are un- 
der us instation, or over whom we have authority. —Equads, Those who 
occupy the same rank and station in society with ourselves. (Honor, 
see Q. 63,~-Duties, ts Q. 3.) 
5 


54 / EXERCISES ON THE 

What is the first place in soci-} What is the second class ot 
ety here mentioned ? dutiés required of us to eve- 

What is the second ? ry one in his station ? 

What is the third? Of what classes are we to pre- 


How many classes of duties} serve the honor? 
are here required of us to}To what classes are we en- 
our superiors, inferiors, and$ joined the performance of 
equals ? our duties ? 

What is the first class of duties} What commandment enjoins 
required of us in this com-} the preserving the honor, 
mand, to every one in his} and performing the duties 
station ? ; belonging to al classes ? 


*1 Pet. 2: 17. Honorall men. Rom. 13: 7. Render therefore to 
all their dues.—t Lev. 19: 32. Thou shalt rise up before the hoary 
head, and honor the face of the old man, and fear thy God. Eph, 6: 1, 
5.—t Rom. 12: 16. Condescend to men of low estate. Eph. 6: 9. 
And ye masters, do the same things unto them, forbearing threatening; 
knowing that your Master also is in heaven. v. 4.—$ Rom. 12: 10. Be 
kindly affectioned one to another with brotherly love ; in honor prefer- 
ring one another. Eph. 5: 21. Submitting yourselves one to another 
in the fear of God. ' 


Q. 65. What is forbidden in the fifth commandment ? 

A. The fifth commandment forbiddeth the neglecting 
of, or doing any thing against, the honor and duty which 
belongeth to gvery one* in their several places and rela- 
tions. 

What are here said to be due} every one? 


to every one? What are we not to do against 
To whom do we owe honor} the honor and duty belonging 
and duty ? to every one ? 


How are we to distinguish the } What are we not to neglect? 
honor and duty belonging to} What are we not to do? 


every one? How many ‘things are here 
What belongs to every one in} mentioned as being due to 

their several places and re-{ every one? 

lations in society ? : What is the first thing here 


Of what does the fifth com-} mentioned as belonging to 
mandment forbid the neg-} every one? 
lect ? What is the second? , 
What does the fifth command-$ How many things relating to 
ment forbid, besides the neg-$ this honor and duty are avg 
lect of duty belonging to} forbidden? 


65, Neglecting vs Omitting, by carelessness or inattention, to pre- 
serve or secure.—Against, Contrary to.—(See Q. 64.) 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 55 


What is the first thing here} How many places and rela- 
forbidden ? $ tons are in society ? 
What is the second ? { What are they ? 

* 1 Thes. 5: 15. Follow that which is good, both amung yourselves, 
and to all men.—t Ex. 22: 28. Thou shalt not revile the gods (marg. 
judges) nor curse the ruler of thy people. Eccl. 10:20. Rom. 13:8, 
Owe no man any thing, but to love one another. 1 Pet. 3: 8, 

Q. 66. What is the reason annexed to the fifth command- 
ment ? 

A. The reason annexed to the fifth commandment, is 
a promise of long life* and prosperity, (as far as it shall 
serve for God’s glory and their own good,) to all such as 
keep this commandment. 


What is the reason annexed} sings bestowed upon the 
to the fifth commandment} keepers of the fifth com- 
here called ? mandment ? 

What blessings are promised ; When are these blessings with- 
in the reason annexed to the$ held? 


fifth commandment? - What is annexed to the fifth 
To whom are long life and} commandment? 
prosperity promised ? How many blessings are in- 


What kind of a life is promised{ cluded in this promise ? 
to all who keep the fifth} What is the first blessing in- 


commandment ? cluded in the reason annex- 
What is here promised besides} ed to the fifth command- 
long life ? ment ? 
For what must this long life} What is the second blessing 
and prosperity serve ? , promised ? 

For whose glory must this long} How many qualifications are 
life and prosperity serve ? attached to this promise ? 
For whose good must this long} What is the first qualification 
life and prosperity serve ? attached to this promise ? 
What shall they receive, when} What is the second qualifica- 


the bestowing of them shall} tion ? 

tend to God’s glory and their }To what commandment is the 

own good ? promise of long life and 
in what cases are these bles-$ prosperity annexed ? 

* Eph. 6: 2,3. Honor thy father’ and mother, (which is the first 
commandment with promise,) that it may be well with thee, and that 
thou mayest live long.on the earth. Comp. Prov. 20: 20. 

66. Long life, Living long and happily in the world.—Prosperity, 
Being fortunate and successful in attaining what is wished for.—As it 
shall serve for, As the length of life and accomplishment of their 
wishes shall not interfere with, but promote. 


56 EXERCISES ON THE 


Q. 67. Which is the sixth commandment ? 
A. The sixth commandment is, Thou shalt not kill. 
What does this commandment} What commandment forbids 


forbid us to do? _us to kill? 
Who are not to kill? 


Q. 68. What is required in the sixth commandment ? 
A. The sixth commandment requireth all lawful en- 
deavors to preserve our own life and the life of others.* 


‘What are we to endeavor to} For what purposes are we here 


preserve ? required to use all lawful 
Whose lives are we to endea-} . endeavors ? 
vor to preserve ? - $Which commandment requires 


What are we required to do} the preservation of life? _ 
with respect to our own life,} How many things does this 


and the life of others ? commandment require us to 
What are to be used for the} perform? 
“preservation of life ? What is thé first ? 


What endeavors are to be} What is the second? 
used for the preservation of } How are we to preserve our 
life ? own life and that of others ? 


* Prov. 24: 11, 12. If thou forbear to deliver them that are drawn 
unto death, and those that are ready to be slain; if thou sayest, Behold, 
Ma know it not; doth not he that pondereth the heart consider it? Job 

> 13, 

Q. 69. What is forbidden in the sixth commandment ? 

A. The sixth commandment forbiddeth the taking away 
of our own life,* or the life of our neighbor,} unjustly, 
or whatsoever tendeth thereunto. 


What are we not to takeaway ?{ are we not to take away? 
Whose lives are we not to take $ What are we not to do to the 


away ? life of our neighbor? 
What are we not to do to our} In what manner is the taking 
own life ? away of our neighbor’s life 


Whose life besides our owns here qualified ? 
a 


67, Kill, Take away human life, or do any thing which may tend to 
shorten it. 

68, Lawful endeavors, Means and efforts wiftch may be consistent 
with the laws of God and man.—Preserve, Keep or defend. 

69, Neighbor, Fellow-men.—Unjustly, Contrary to right and jus 
tice. — Tendeth thereunto, May have the effect of cutting short either 
their life or our own. 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 57 


What is here forbidden, besides$ lives are not to be taken 
the direct taking away of our} away unjustly ? ; 
own cr our neighbor’s life? {How many things regarding 

Whatsoever tends todo what?; life are forbidden im this 

What is here said as to those} commandment? 
things which tend to take} What is the first thing regard- 


away life? ing life which is here for- 
How many classes are here} _bidden? ‘ 
spoken of? What is the second thing re- 


What is the first class here garding life which is here 
spoken of, whose lives are orbidden ? 
not to be taken away ? Which commandment forbids 
What is the second class whose} the taking away of life? 


* Acts 16: 28. Do thyself no harm. Job 14: 14.—fGen. 9:6. Who- 
so sheddeth man’s blood, by man shall his blood be shed. Ley. 24: 17, 

Q. 70. Which is the seventh commandment ? 

A. The seventh commandment is, Thou shalt not com- 
mit adultery. 

What does this commandment Which commandment forbids 
forbid ? $ the commission of adultery ? 

Q. 71. What is required in the seventh commandment ? 

A. The seventh commandment requireth the preserva- 
tion of our own* and our neighbor’s} chastity in heart, 
speech,$ and behavior. || 
What does this commandment} How many classes are here 


require us to preserve ? mentioned whose chastity 
Whose chastity are we re-} we are to preserve? 
quired to preserve ? Whose chastity are we called 


In how many things is our} on first to preserve? 
own and our neighbor’s} Whose is the second here men- 


chastity to be preserved ? - tioned ? 
What is the first ? What commandment requires 
What is the second? . the preserving of our own 
What is the third? ; and our neighbor’s chastity ? 


*1 Thes. 4: 4. That every one of you should know how to possess 
his vessel in sanctification and honor. 1 Cor. 3: 17.—} Eph. 5: 11. 
Have no fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness, but rather 
reprove them. 1 Tim. 5: 20.—12 Tim. 2: 22. Flee also youthful lusts, 
—S Eph. 5: 4. Neither filthiness, nor foolish talking.—|] 1 Pet. 3: 2, 
While they behold your chaste conversation coupled with fear. 


71. Chastity, Personal purity.—Heart, The imagination and thoughts. 
—Speeci, Our words, conversation, or writings.—Behavior, Our out- 
ward conduct and actions.—(Preservation, see Q. 64.) 


58 EXERCISES ON. THE 


Q. 72. What ts forbidden in the seventh commandment ? 
A. The seventh commandment forbiddeth all unchaste 
thoughts,* words,} and actions. 
What kind of thoughts does} sides unchaste thoughts and 
the seventh commandment} words? 
forbid ? How many kinds of unchaste 
What does the seventh com-$ thoughts, words, and actions 
mandment forbid, besides$ are here forbidden? 


unchaste thoughts ? What commandmeut forbids 
What kind of words are for-$ unchaste thoughts, words, 
bidden ? and actions ? 


What are here forbidden, be- 


%* Mat. 5: 28. Whosvever looketh on a woman to lust after her, hath 
committed adultery with her already in his heart.—t Eph. 4: 29. Let 
no corrupt communication proceed out of your mouth.—! Eph. 5: 3. 
But fornication and uncleanness—let it not once be named among you. 

Q. 73. Which is the eighth commandment ? 

A. The eighth commandment is, Thou shalt not steal. 
What are we forbidden to do} Which commandment forbids 

in the eighth commandment?’ us to steal ? 
Who are not to steal ? 

Q. 74. What is required in the eighth commandment ? 

A. The eighth commandment requireth the lawful* 
procuring,and furthering the wealth and outward estate 
of ourselvest and others. 
What are we to endeavor law- 

fully to procure ? ward estate of others ? 

In what manner are we to en-} What estate of our own and 
deavor to procure wealth? others are we to further ? 
What are we to endeavor to} Which commandment requires 


What are we to do to the out- 


do, besides lawfully procur-3 the procuring and furthering 
ing wealth? of the wealth and outward 
Whose outward estate are we $ estate of ourselves and oth- 
to endeavor to further ? pers! , 


*Rom 12:17. Provide things honest in the sight of all men. 2 Cor. 
8: 21.—f} Prov. 27: 23. Be thou diligent to know the state of thy flocks, 
and look well to thy herds.—? Phil. 2: 4. Look not every man on his 


72: (See. Qu7 le) Se 

73. Steal, Take from others property which isgot thine own. 

74. Lawful procuring, Getting in an honest La roper manner.— 
Furthering, Doing what shall help to procure, or advance.— Wealth, 
Riches.—Outward estate, Wordly goods and property. 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


» 
59 


own things, but every man also on the things of others, Gal. 6: 10, 


25 


As ye ke therefore opportunity, let us do good unto all men. Lev 
: 35. 


Q. 75. What is forbidden in the eighth commandment ? 
A. The eighth commandment forbiddeth whatsoever 
doth or may unjustly hinder our own* or our neighbor’s} 


wealth or outward estate. 


What are we not to hinder? 
Whose wealth or outward es- 
tate are we not to hinder ? 
What are we not to do with 
regard to our own and our 

neighbor's wealth ? 

What kind of hinderance to 
wealth is here forbidden ? 
What are we not to hinder, 
besides our own and our 

neighbor’s wealth ? 

What estate of our own or 
our neighbor’s, are we not to 
hinder 2? 

How many things are forbid- 


den, to prevent us from hin- 
dering our own or our neigh- 
bor’s wealth ? 

What is the first ? 

What is the second ? 

How many things are here 
stated as not to be hindered? 

What is the first thing not to 
be hindered ? 

What is the second ? 

What commandment forbids 
the unjustly hindering of 
our own or our neighbor’s 
wealth and outward estate? 


*1 Tim. 5:8. If any provide not for his own, and especially for those 
of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse than an infidel. 


Prov. 23: 21.—t Prov. 20: 10. Div 
both of them are alike abomination 
shalt not remove thy neighbor’s landmark. 


ers weights, and divers measures, 


to the Lord. Deut. 19: 14. Thou 


15: 8. 


Q. 76. Which is the ninth commandment ? 
A. The ninth commandment is, Thou shalt not bear 
false witness against thy neighbor. 


What are we not to bear? 
What kind of witness are we 
not to bear? 
Against whom are we not to 
ear false witness ? 


Who are not to bear false wit- 


ness ? 
What commandment forbids 
us to bear false witness ? 


Q. 77. What is required in the ninth commandment ? 
A. The ninth commandment requireth the maintaining 


75. Doth, or may, Does really at the time, 
or prevent the increase of.—( Wealth, 


period may.—Hinder, Stop, 
Outward estate, see Q. 74.) 


or what at some future 


76. Bear, Say or affirm.—False witness, Any thing contrary to what 


is the truth. 


s 


60 


EXERCISES ON THE 


and promoting of truth between man and man,* and of 


our own and our neighbor’ 


witness bearing.t 

What are we to maintain and 
promote ? 

Between whom are we to 
maintain and promote truth? 

What are we to maintain and 

romote besides truth ? 

Whose good name are we here 
first required to maintain 
and promote ? 

Whose good name are we to 
maintain and promote be- 
sides our own ? 

What are we to do to our own 
and our neighbor’s good 
name? 

What are we to do to truth? 


When are we to be especially § 


careful to maintain truth ? 
What are we to do more es- 
pecially in witness bearing? 
How many things are here 
required, with respect to 
truth and a good name ? 
What is the first thing here 


s good name,} especially in 


required as to truth? 

What is the second thing here 
required ? 

How many things are we here 
required to maintain and 

romote ? 

What is the first thing here 
required of us to. maintain 
and promote ? 

What is the second thing here 
required to be maintained 
and promoted ? 

What is the third thing here 
required to be maintained 
and promoted ? 

In what are we specially to 
maintain and promote truth 
and our own and our neigh- 
bor’s good name? 

What commandment requires 
the maintaining of truth, and 
the preservation of a good 
name ? 


* Zech. 8:16. Speak ye every man truth to his neighbor. ‘Eph. 4; 


Mat. 5: 16.—t? Prov. 14: 5. 


25.—t Tit. 3: 2. Speak evil of no man. 
A faithful witness will not lie; but a false witness will utter lies. 


Q. 78. What is forbidden, in the ninth commandment ? 

A. The ninth commandment forbiddeth whatsoever is 
prejudicial to truth, or injurious to our own* or our 
neighbor’st good name. 


To what are we to do nothing To what are we to do nothing 
prejudicial ? injurious ? 
SUG NES Te ene ee kee 

: bd : 

77, Maintaining, Holding fast, defending.—.Promoting, Spreading 
and advancing.—Man and man, Men in their dealings and intercourse 
with each other.—Good name, Honest and upright character in the 
Seti of others.— Especially, More particularly.— Witness bearing, 

iving evidence for or against others. ; 

78. Prejudicial, Prepossesses the mind against, and is thus hurtful. 
—Injurious, Injures, or does harm.—(Good name, see Q. 77.) 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 61 


To what belonging to. our-} neighbor’s good name? 
selves are we todo nothing}How many things are here 
injurious ? forbidden ? 

To what belonging to our} What is the first thing here 
neighbor are we to do no-}_ forbidden? 
thing injurious ? -$ What is the second thing here 

To whose good name are we} forbidden? 
to do nothing injurious ? What is the third thing here 

' What is here forbidden with} forbidden ? 
regard to truth ? What commandment forbids 

What is here forbidden with} doing any thing prejudicial 
respect to our own andj to truth ora good name? 


* Eph. 4: 25. Putting away lying, speak every man truth with his 


neighbor. Job 27: 6.—t Ex. 23:1. Thou shalt not raise a false report. 
Put not thine hand with the wicked to be an unrighteous witness. Ps. 
15: 3. 


Q. 79. Which is the tenth commandment ? 

A. The tenth commandment is, Thou shalt not covet 
thy neighbor’s house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbor’s 
wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maid-servant, nor his 
ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbor’s. 


What is here forbidden with} What is the third thing here 
respect to our neighbor’s} mentioned which we are not 
__ property ? to covet ? 
what is the first thing here} What is the fourth ? 
specified, belonging to our} What is the fifth ? 
neighbor, which we are not} What is the sixth? 
to covet ? What is the last thing here 
What is the second thing here} _ forbidden as to coveting ? 
specified, which we are not}What commandment forbids 
to covet ? $ covetousness 2 


Q. 80. What is‘required in the tenth commandment ? 

A. The tenth commandment requireth full contentment 
with our own condition,* with a right and charitable 
frame of spirit toward our neighbor,} and all that is his.t 


79. Covet, Unlawfully, or irregularly, desire to possess. 

80. Full contentment, To be perfectly and constantly satisfied.— » 
Condition, Situation and station in life —Right, proper, just.—Chari- 
table, Affectionate.—F'rame of spirit, Disposition and proper balanc, 
of ve temper and thoughts.—AJ/ that is his, Every thing that belongs 
to ° 


62 EXERCISES ON THE 


With what are we to be con-} of spirit? 


tented ? To whose property are we to 
What kind of contentment is} have aright and charitable 
here required of us? frame of spirit ? 
With what condition are we} What are we’ to have toward 
to be contented? our neighbor’s property ? 


What is here required of us} What are we to. have toward 
with regard to our own con-} our neighbor himself? 


dition ? Eat To what portion of our neigh- 
What kind of spirit are we to} bor’s properly are we to 
have toward our neighbor ? have a right and charitable 


To whom are we to have a} _ frame of spirit? 

right and charitable frame}What commandment requires 

of spirit? contentment and a right and 
To what are we to have a{ charitable frame of spirit 

right and charitable frame} toward our neighbor? 

* Heb. 13: 5. Let your conversation be without covetousness, and 
be content with such things as ye have. 1 Tim. 6: 6, 8.—f Rom. 12: 
15. Rejoice with them that do rejoice, and weep with them that weep 
1 Cor. 13; 4.—? Luke 12:15. Take heed, and beware of covetousness 


Q. 81. What is forbidden in the tenth commandment ? 

A. The tenth commandment forbiddeth all discontent- 
ment with our own estate,* envying or grieving at the 
good of our neighbor,} and all inordinate motions and 
affections to any thing that is his.¢ 
What is here forbidden with} envy and grieve? 


respect to our own estate? {What is here forbidden with 
With what are we not to be} respect to the property of 


discontented ? our neighbor ? ; 
With whose estate are we not What inordinate motions and 
to be discontented ? affections are here forbidden? 


What discontentment with our} To what are we to have no 
own estate is here forbidden?$ inordinate motions and af- 
What is here forbidden with}  fections ? 
respect to our neighbor ? To whose property are we to 
At what are we not to envy} have no inordinate motions 
and grieve ? and affections ? ) 
What are we not todo at the}How many things are here 
good of our neighbor? forbidden with respect to 
#At whose good are we not to} our own estate? 
a sie J RRS NERA Sa 
81. Discontentment, Uneasiness or fretfulness.—Envying, Hating on 
account of the prosperity.— Grieving, Being sorry and unhappy.—ZInor- 
dinate motions, Irregular or undue thoughts or operations of the mind 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


What is this ? 
How many things are here 


63 


he property of our neighbor? 
What is the first ? ‘a 


forbidden with respect to the { What 1s the second ? 


good of our neighbor? 
What is the first ? 
What is the second ? 
How many things are here 
forbidden with respect to 


Which commandment forbid- 
deth discontentment with 
our own condition, and en- 
vying and grieving at the 
good of our neighbor ? 


*1 Cor. 10: 10. Neither murmur ye as some of them also murmur- 
ed, and were destroyed of the destroyer. —t Gal. 5: 26. Let us not be 
desirous of vain glory—envying one another. James 5:9. Grudge not 


one against another.—! Deut. 5: 21. 
Col 33, 5; 


thing that is thy neighbor’s. 


Neither shalt thou desire—any 
Mortify therefore your mem- 


bers which are upon the earth ;—inordinate affection—and covetousness, 


which is idolatry. 


Q. 82. Is any man able perfectly to keep the commandments 


of God? 


A. No mere man* since the fall is able in this life 
perfectly to keep the commandments of God, but doth 
daily} breakt them in thought, word, and deed. 


Who is not able to keep God’s 
commandments ? 

What kind of man is not able 
to keep God’s command- 
ments ? 

Since what time 1s it that no 
mere man has been able to 
keep God’s commandments ? 

What is no mere man able to 
keep? 

Where is it that no mere man 
is able to keep God’s com- 
mandments? # 

In what manner can we not, 
in this life, keep God’s com- 
mandments ? 

What commandments can we 
not keep perfectly ? 

What do we break ? 


How often do we break God’s 
commandments ? 

What do we do daily ? 

Whose commandments do we 
daily break ? 

In what do we daily break 
God’s commandments ? 

In what do we break God’s 
commandments, besides in 
our word and deeds ? 

In what do we break God’s 
commandments, besides in 
our thoughts and words? 

In what do we break God’s 
commandments, besides in 
our thoughts and deeds ? 

In how many ways do we dai- 
ly break God’s command- 
ments ? 


82. Mere man, Person who possesses only the nature of man.—Fall) 


Transgression of Adam.— This life, This world.— Perfectly, Complete- 
ly.— Keep, Obey.— Daily, Every day.—Break, Disobey and transgress. 
—Thought, word, and deed, The thoughts of his heart, in his speech 
and conversation, and in the outward acts of his life. 


“4 


64 EXERCISES ON THE 


What is the first way here} God? 
mentioned, in which we $ What is the second? 
break the commandments of { What is the third ? 


* Eccl. 7: 20. There is not a just man upon earth that doeth good 
and sinneth not.—t Gen. 6: 5. Every imagination of the thoughts of his 
heart was only evil continually.—? Rom, 7: 19. The good that I would, 
I do not, but the evil which I would not, that Ido. James 3: 8. The 
tongue can no man tame: it is an unruly evil, full of deadly poison. 


Q. 83. Are all transgressions of the law equally heinous ? 

A. Some sins in themselves, and by reason of several 
aggravations, are more heinous in the sight of God than 
others.* , 


What is heinous ? In what are some sins more 
In whose sight is sin heinous?} heinous in the sight of God 
What is sin in the sight of than other sins ? 
God ? By reason of what are some 
What are more heinous than} sins more heinous than 
others in the sight of God? } « others? 
Than what are some sins more} What are aggravated sins said 
heinous ? to be in the sight of God ?: 
* Ts. 5: 18. Wo unto them that draw iniquity with cords of vanity, 
and sin as it were witha cart rope. John 15: 22. If I had not come 
and spoken unto them, they had not had sin; but now they have no 
cloak for their sin. v. 24. ch. 19: 11. Thou couldest have no power 
at all against me, except it were given thee from above: therefore he 
that delivered ine unto thee hath the greater sin. 


Q. 84. What doth every sin deserve ? 
A. Every sin deserveth God’s wrath and curse, both in 
this life, and that which is to come.* 


What deserves God’s wrath} and curse? 


and curse ? What doth every sin deserve 
Whose wrath and curse doth} _ besides God’s wrath ? 
every sin deserve ? What doth every sin deserve 


What sins deserve God’s wrath} besides God’s curse 2? 


Ge 

83. In themselves, In their own nature.—By reason, On account.— 
Several, Many different.—Aggravations, Circumstances accompany- 
ing them, which make them still more evil and hateful than they other- 
wise would be.—More heinous, Much more wicked and atrocious.— 
Others, Other sins which are not so aggravated. 

84, Every sin, Every single sin which we commit in thought, word, 
or deed, however trivial it may in itself appear, and although it may 
not be accompanied with any aggravated circumstances.— Wrath, An- 
fiepe tne Sentence and infliction of severe punishment.— This life, 

his world.— That which is to come, That state of being afier death. 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 65 


In what doth every sindeserve} serves? ~ 


God’s wrath and curse ? What is the second ? _ 
What is to come ? . }In how many states is it here 
What deserves God’s wrath said that sin-deserves God’s 

and curse in this life ? wrath and curse ? 


Where doth sin deserve God’s; What is the first state here 
wrath and curse, besides in} mentioned,when sin deserves 


this life? i God’s wrath and curse? 
How many things does it here} What is the second ? 
say that sin deserves ? What is it that deserves God's 


What is the first thing which} wrath, both in this life and 
it is here said that sin de-} the next? 


* James 2: 10. For whosoever shall keep the whole law, and yet 
offend in one point, he is guilty of all. Gal. 3: 10. Cursed is every one 
that continueth not in all things which are written in the book of the 
law todothem. Rom. 6: 23. The wages of sin is death. 


Q.85. What doth God require of us, that we may escape 
his wrath and curse due to us for sin ? 

A. To escape the wrath and curse of God due to us 
for sin, God requireth* of us faith in Jesus Christ. repent- 
ance unto life, with the diligent use of all the outward 
means, whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits 
of redemption.t 
What is required of us? Who requires from us faith? 


For what purpose are faith,} From whom does God require 
repentance, and the use*of; faith? 


means required of us ? For what purpose does God 
To whom are the wrath and} require faith? 

curse of God due? What kind of faith does God 
For what are the wrath and} require of us? 

curse of God due? What does God require of us 
What are due to us on account} _ besides faith in Jesus Christ? 

of sin? In whom does God require us 
Whose wrath and curse are} to have faith? 

due to us for sin? ; ‘ 


85. E'scape, Get away from, and avoid.—Due to us for sin, Which 
we deserve for our sin.—F'aith, Belief.—Repentance unto life, Sucha 
true sorrow for sin, and turning from it, as shall end in everlasting life. 
—The diligent use, A constant and careful attention in the use.—Out 
ward means, Appointments, or ordinances of God, different from the 
inward operations of the soul, which God requires his people to observe, 
while on earth.— Whereby, By which.—Communicateth to us, Makes 
known to, and bestows upon us.—Bene/its, Blessings and advantages. 
.—Redemption, are from sin and its consequences. 


66 


What kind of repentance does 
God require of us ? 

For what purpose does God 
require from us repentance 
unto life ? 

What does God require of us 
besides faith and repentance? 

What kind of a use of the 
means of grace is required 
of us? 


EXERCISES ON THE 


nicate to us the benefits of 
redemption ? 

By what kind of means does 
Christ do this ? 

What is required of us with re- 
spect to the outward means 
of grace ? 

Of how many of the means of 
grace are we to make a dili- 
gent use ? 


Of what are we to make a} What is done by these outward 


diligent use ? 


means ? 


For what purpose does God$ How many things are required 


require from us a diligent 
use of the means of grace? 


of us, that we may escape 
the wrath and curse of God? 


What does Christ communi-} What is the,first thing required 


cate ? 

What benefits does Christ 
communicate ? 

To whom are the benefits of 
redemption communicated ? 


of us, that we may escape 
the wrath and curse of God? 
What is the second? 
What is the third ? 
For what purpose are faith 


Who communicates to us the 
benefits of redemption ? 
By what does Christ commu- 


repentance, and the use o 
the means of grace requir- 
ed? 


* Mark 1: 15. Jesus preached, saying, Repent ye, and believe the 
gospel. Luke 13:3. Except ye repent, ye shall all likewise perish. 
John 3: 36. He that believeth on the Son hath everlasting life: and he 
that believeth not the Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God abid- 
eth on him, Acts 2: 38. Repent, and be baptized, every one of you, 
in the name of Jesus Christ, for the remission of sins. ch. 16: 31.— 
f Phil. 2: 12,13. Work out your own salvation with fear and trem- 
bling: for it is God which werketh in you both to will and to doof his 
good pleasure. 


Q. 86. What is faith in Jesus Christ ? 

A. Faith in Jesus Christ is a saving grace,* whereby 
we receive and rest upon him alone for salvation,t as he 
is offered to us in the gospel. 


86. Saving grace, Favor bestowed upon us by God, and which is ne- 
cessary to salvation.— Whereby, By which.—WRecezve, Willingly and 
thankfully accept of.—Rest, Place all our hope and confidence.—A/one, 
Only.—Salvation, Complete deliverance from sin, and restoration to 
pe ek and the friendship of God.—As he is offered to us in the gos- 
pel, In those characters in Which he is offered to us in the good news 
revealed in the Scriptures. : 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


What is a saving grace ? 

Faith in whom? 

What is faith in Jesus Christ 
here said to be ? 

What kind of a grace is faith 
Jesus Christ here said to 

e? 

What is it that the believer 
does by faith ? 

Whom does he receive ? 

By ‘what does he receive 
Christ ? 

What does the believer do 
by faith, besides receiving 

Christ 2? 

Upon whom does the believer 
rest by faith ? 

For what does the believer 
rest upon Christ? . 

In what manner does the be- 


67 


liever rest upon Christ for 
salvation ? 

Who rests upon Christ alone 
for salvation ? 

In what manner is Christ re- 
ceived by faith ? 

Who is offered ? 

To whom is Christ offered ? 

In what is Christ offered ? 

What is the receiving and 
resting upon Christ alone 
for salvation called ? 

How many things are includ- 
ed in saving faith ? 

What is the first thing here 
mentioned, as being includ 
ed in saving faith ? 

What is the second thing here 
mentioned, as being includ 
ed in saving faith? 


* Heb. 10: 39. We are not of those who draw back unto perdition, 


but of them that believe to the saving of the 
We believe that through the 


f Acts 15: 11. 


soul. John 20: 31,— 
grace of the Lord Jesus, 


we shall be saved. John 1: 12. Phil. 3: 9, 


Q. 87. What is repentance unto life? 
A. Repentance unto life is a saving grace,* whereby 


a sinner, out of a true sense of his sin,} and apprehen- 
sion of the mercy of God in Christ, doth, with grief and 
hatred of his sin,t turn from it unto God,§ with full pur- 


pose of, and endeavor after new obedience.|| 


What kind of repentance is here 
said to be a saving grace? 
What is repentance unto life 

said to be? 
What is here called a saving 


grace ? 

Who is the object of repent- 
ance ? 

From what does the sinner in 
repentance turn ? 


87. A true sense of his sin, An enlightened conviction of the danger, 


the extent, and the evil nature of h 


is sin, as made known in the wor 


of God.—Apprehension, Perceiving-—Mercy of God in Christ, Will- 


ingness of God to receive sinners coming to him by Christ.— Grief, Great 


sorrow.—Hatred, Dislike and detestation.—7'urn from it unto God, 


Leave the 
pee and 


ew obedience, 


ecided resolution.—End 


ractice of it for the service of God.—Fwwll purpose, A com- 
t eavor, A determined pursuance.— 
An obedience of a far more spiritual, constant, and ex- 


ensive nature, than he ever gave before.—(A saving grace, see Q. 86.) 


68 


To whom does the sinner in 
repentance turn? 

What does the sinner in re- 
pentance resolve upon, and 
endeavor after ? 

How many things are here 
mentioned out of which true 
repentance arises ? 

What is the first thing here 
mentioned, out of which true 
repentance arises ? 

Of what has the sinner a true 
sense ? 

Who has a true sense of sin? 

In what has the sinner a true 
sense of sin? 

What kind of a sense of sin 
has the sinner in true re- 

entance ? 

at is the second thing here 
mentioned, out of which true 
repentance arises ? 

Of what has he an apprehen- 
sion ? 

Of whose mercy has he an ap- 

rehension ? 

Who has an apprehension of 
God’s mercy ? 

In what has the sinner an ap- 
prehension of the mercy of 
God ? 

In whom is the mercy of God 
exhibited ? 

What is exhibited in Christ ? 

What does the sinner do, 
when he has received a true 


EXERCISES ON THE 


the sinner here mentioned 
regarding sin in repentance 

What is the first feeling of the 
sinner’s mind here mention- 
ed, with regard to sin ? 

For what is the sinner grieved ? 

Who is grieved for sin ? 

In what is the sinner grieved 
for sin ? 

What is the second feeling of 
the sinner’s mind here men- 
tioned, with respect to sin? 

Who hates sin ? 

In what does the sinner hate 
sin? 

What do the sinner’s grief and 
hatred of sin Jead him todo ? 

From what does he turn ? 

Who turns from sin ? 

In what does the sinner turn 
from sin ? 

To whom does the sinner turn 
in repentance ? 

Who turns to God ? 

In what does the sinner turn 
to God?. 

What does the sinner aim at 
in repentance ? 

How many things in the sin- 
ner’s mind are here stated 
with respect to new obedi- 
ence? 4 

What is the first thing here 
mentioned as taking place 
in the sinner’s mind with 
respect to new obedience ? 


sense of sin, and an appre-} What is the second ? 
hension of the mercy of God} In what has the sinner a full 


in Christ ? 


How many are the feelings of } 


purpose of new obedience, 
and an endeavor after it? 


*2 Cor. 7: 10. Godly sorrow worketh repentance to salvation, not to 


be repented of. Acts 11: 18.—+Ps. 51: 4. Against thee, thee only’ 
have I sinned, and done this evil in thy sight.—1 Ezek. 36: 31. Then 
shall ye remember your own evil ways, and your doings that were not 
good, and shall loathe yourselves in your own eyes, for your iniquities, 
and for your abominations. Jer. 3: 19.~§Lam: 3: 40.” Let us search 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 69 


and try our ways, and turn again to the Lord. Ezek. 18: 30. Ps. 119: 
13.—|[ Jer. 31: 18. Rom. 7: 6. That we should serve in newness of 
spirit, and not in the oldness of the letter. 

Q. 88. What are the outward means whereby Christ com- 
municateth to us the benefits of redemption? ; 

A. The outward and ordinary means whereby Christ 
communicateth to us the benefits of redemption, are his 
ordinances; especially the word,* sacraments,t and 
prayer ;¢ all which are made effectual to the elect for sal- 
vation.§ 


Who communicates the bene-{ make use of the word, sa- 


fits of redemption ? 

To whom does Christ commu- 
nicate the benefits of re- 
demption ? 

What does Christ communi- 
cate to us? 

By what does Christ commu- 
nicate the benefits of re- 
demption ? 

What kind of means are the 
ordinances called ? 

What does Christ do by these 
outward and ordinary means? 

Which of his ordinances has 
God specially appointed as 
the outward and \ordinary 
means of grace? 

What special means of grace 
has God appointed, besides 
the sacraments and prayer? 

What besides the word and 
prayer ? 
hat besides the word and 
the sacraments ? 


craments, and prayer ? 

What are these ordinances 
made ? 

To whom are these ordinan- 
ces made effectual ? 

For what are they made ef- 
fectual ? 

What are made effectual to the 
elect for salvation ? 

How many special ordinances 
are here mentioned ? 

What is the first ? 

What is the second ? 

What is the third ? 

How many distinctive charac- 
ters are here given to these 
special ordinances ? 

What is the first distinctive 
character given to these or- 
dinances ? 

What is the second ? 

For what purpose are these 
outward and ordinary means 
used ? 


For what purpose does Christ } 


ne 

88. Ordinary, Regular and common.—His ordinances, The appoint- 
ments which he has commanded to be observed.—E'speciadly, Particu- 
farly.—The word, The hearing and reading of the Scriptures.—Sacra- 
ments, The observance of baptism and the Lord’s supper.—Prayer, 
The offering up of the desires of our heart to God, with confession 
and thanksgiving.—Eiffectual to the elect for salvation, Sufficient, by 
the blessing of God, and the influences of the Holy Spirit, to effect in 
the chosen people of God a complete salvation. 


7 


* John 20: 31. These are written, that ye may believe that Jesus is 
the Christ, the Son of God; and that, believing, ye might have life 
through his name. 1 Pet. 1: 23.—ft1 Cor. 10: 16.—! Mark 11: 24. 
What things soever ye desire when ye pray, believe that ye receive 
them, and ye shall have them.—$ Acts 2: 41, 42 


Q. 89. How is the word made effectual to salvation ? 

A. The Spirit of God maketh the reading, but especial- 
ly the preaching* of the word, an effectual means of 
convincing and converting sinners,} and of building them 
up in holiness and comfort,{ through faith, unto salva. 


EXERCISES ON THE 


tion.§ 
_ Who makes the word effec-{In what other manner is the 
tual ? use of the word made effec- 


To whom is the word made 
effectual ? 

Through what is the word 
made effectual ? 

For what end is the word made 
effectual ? 

What is to be read ? 

What use is to be made of the 
word, besides being read ? 
Who makes the reading and 
reacning of the word bene- 

cial to sinners ? 

Of what does the Spirit make 
the reading and the preach- 
ing of the word an effectual 
means ? 

What does the Spirit make 
use of, for the purpose of ef- 
fectually convincing sinners? 

What special use of the word 
does the Spirit of God gene- 
rally make effectual to the 
conviction of the sinner ? 


tual for convincing sinners ? 
What does the Spirit do to 
sinners, by means of the 
word, after they are con- 
vinced ? 
Who are converted ? 
By whom are they converted ? 
By what are they converted ? 
hat use does the Spirit 
make of the word, after the 
sinner is convinced and con- 
verted ? 
Who buildssthe sinner up ? 
In what is the sinner uit up? 
Who builds the sinner up in 
holiness and comfort ? 
By what are sinners built up 
in holiness and comfort ? 
Through what are sinners 
convinced, converted, and 
built up ? 
Unto what are they built up 
through faith in the word ? 


89 Spirit of God, The Holy Spirit.— Especially, More particularly. 


—Preaching of the word, Explanation and application of-the Scriptures 
to the heart and conscience by the public ministration of his servants. 
—An effectual means, A successful instrument.—Convineing, Making 
men feel and confess themselves to be sinners.—Converting sinners, 
Turning them from the practice of sin unto God.— Building them up, 
Making them to increase and grow.—Holiness, Purity of heart and life. 
Comfart, Solid peace and serenity of mind.—Faith, A firm reliance 
on Jesus Christ. 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 71 


How many things is it here} What is the second? 
said that the Spirit, by means { In how many ways is the word 
of the word, does to the sin-$ used for the edification of 


ner ? sinners ? 
What is the first ? What is the first ? 
What is the second ? What is the second ? , 
What is the third ? Which of these ways does the 
In how many things is he} Spirit of God make the 
built up? special means ? 


What is the first ? 


* Ps. 19: 7. The law of the Lord is perfect, converting the soul. 1 
Thes. 1: 6.—f1 Cor. 1: 21. It pleased God by the foolishness of preach- 
ing to save them that believe. Acts 2: 37.—! Acts 20: 32. I commend 
you to God and to the word of his grace. which is able to build you up, 
and to give you an inheritance among all them which are sanctified. 
Rom. 15: 4.—§2 Tim. 3: 15. From a child thou hast known the holy 
Scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation, through 
faith which is in Christ Jesus. Rom. 1: 16. 

Q. 90. How is the word to be read and heard, that it may 
become effectual to salvation ? ' 

A. That the word may become effectual to salvation, 
we must attend thereunto with diligence,* preparation,f 
and prayer,t receive it with faith and love,§ lay it up in 
our hearts,|| and practise it in our lives.** 


To what must we attend ? In what manner are we to at- 
In what manner must we at-} tend to the word, besides 
tend upon the word ? doing so with diligence and 


For what purpose is the word$_ preparation ? 
to be attended to with}In what manner are we to at- 
diligence, preparation, and} tend to the word, besides 


prayer ? doing so with prayer and 
To what does the word be-3 diligence? 
come effectual ? * 3In what manner are we to 


90. Attend thereunto, Apply the mind to know and understand its 
truths.—Diligence, Anxious and persevering industry.—Prepurution, 
Having the mind and affections put in a new frame beforehand,— 
Prayer, Requesting that God would enable us to understand, believe, 
and obey it.— Receive it, Accept of its conditions and promises as made 
to us.—Faith, A firm belief, that all that which it reveals is truth and 
the word of God.—Love, With grateful affection, because of our inte- 
rest in its truths and promises, and the kindness of God tts author.— 
' Lay it up in our hearts, Search out these truths, commit them to 
memory, and meditate upon them.—Practise it in our dives, Do all that 
which they require of us in our particular stations, and intercourse with 
the world. 


72 


attend upon it, besides do- 
ing so with preparation and 
rayer ? 

What is our duty with respect 
to the word of God, besides 
attending to it? 

In what manner must the 
word be received ? 

What must be received with 
faith and love? 

In what manner must the 
word be received, besides 
being received with faith ? 

In what other way must the 


word be received, besides $. 


being received with love ? 

For what purpose must the 
word of God be received 
with faith and love ? 

What is our duty with respect 
to the word of God, besides 
our attending to it, and re- 
ceiving it? 

What must be laid up? 

Where must the word be laid 
up? 

What must be laid up in our 
heart ? 

For what purpose must the 
word be laid up in our heart ? 

What is our duty with respect 
to the word of God, besides 
attending to it, receiving it, 
and laying it up? 

What must he practised ? 

In what must the word be 
* Acts 17: 11. 

things were so. 


EXERCISES ON THE 


ractiséd ? 
at are we to doin our lives ? 
For what purpose are we to 
ractise the word in our 
ives ? 

How many things are here en- 
joined upon us, with respect 
to the word of God ? 

What is the first thing here 
required of us, with respect 
to the word ? 

What is the second ? 

What is the third ? 

What is the third thing here 
required of us, with respect 
to the word of God ? 

In how many ways are we 
here required to attend to 
the word of God? 

What is the first way in which 
we are here enjoined to at- 
tend to the word of Ged ? 

What is the second ? 

What is the third ? 

What is to be attended to with 
diligence, preparation, and 
prayer ? 

In how many ways are we 
here enjoined to receive the 
word of God? 

What is the first way here 
mentioned, in which we are 
to receive the word of God? 

What is the second ? 

What are we to receive with 
faith and love ? 


And searched the Scriptures daily, whether these 
Prov. 8: 34.—t James I: 21. 


Lay apart all filthiness 


and superfluity of naughtiness, and receive with meekness the ingraft- 
ed word, which is able to save your souls,—! Ps. 119: 18. Open thou 
mine eyes, that I may behold wondrous things out of thy law. Heb. 
4; 2.—$ But the word preached did not profit them, not being mixed 
with faith in them that heard it. 2 Thes. 2: 10. They received'not 
the love of the truth, that they might be saved.—|] Deut. 11: 18. Ye 
shall lay up these my words in your heart, and in your soul.—** James 
1: 22: Be ye doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving your 
own selves, V. 25, 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 73 


Q. 91. How do the sacraments become effectual means of 
salvation ? 

A. The sacraments become effectual means ef salva- 
tion, not from any virtue in them, or in him that doth 
administer them ;* but only by the blessing of Christ, 
and the working of his Spirit, in them that by faith re- 
ceive them.{ 

What hecome effectual means} effectual, hesides the work- 


of salvation ? ing of the Spirit of Christ? 
Of what do the sacraments be-}In whom do the blessing and 
come effectual means ? Spirit of Christ make the 


What is it in the sacraments$ sacraments effectual to sal- 
which does not render them} vation ? 
effectual to salvation ? By what shonld the sacra- 
Virtue in what ? ments he received ? 
What is it in the person ad-}What should be received hy 
ininistering the sacraments; faith? 
which does not render them}Of what are the sacraments 
effectual ? an efiectual means to those 
Virtue in whom ? who receive them hy faith ? 
What does this virtue in the} How many things are here 
sacraments, or in the person} stated, hy which the sacra- 
who administers them, not} ments are not rendered etf- 


do? fectual ? 
What does render the sacra-$ What is the first thing here 
ments effectual ? stated, by which the sacra- 
Whose blessing renders the} ments are not made ellec- 
sacraments effectual ? — tual? 
What does the blessing of } What is the second? 
Christ do? How many things are here 
Whose working renders the} stated as rendering the sa- 
sacraments effectual ? craments eflectual means of 
Whose Spirit renders the sa-{ salvation ? 
craments effectual ? What is the first thing here. 
What does the working of the} stated as rendering the sa- 
Spirit do? craments effectual ? 


What renders the sacraments} What is the second ? . 


91. The sacraments, Those ordinances in which we bind ourselves 
by an oath to be the Lord’s. —Virtue in them, Moral excellence, power, 
or efficacy which they possess in their own nature.—Him that doth ad- 
minister them, The person who performs the ceremony, or dispenses the 
elements used in the sacraments.—The working of his Spirit, Effects 
produced on the understanding and heart by the Holy Spirit.— Receive 
them, Are the subjects of baptism’or who partake of the Lord’s supper. 

7 


74 EXERCISES ON THE 


%* 1 Cor. 3:7. Neither is he that planteth any thing, neither he that 
watereth, but God that giveth the increase.—t John 6: 63. It is the 
Se that quickeneth; the flesh profiteth nothing.—} Mark 16; 16. 

é that believeth and is baptized shall be saved. 

Q. 92. What is a'sacrament ? 

A. A sacrament is a holy ordinance instituted by 
Christ,* wherein, by sensible signs, Christ and the bene- 
fits of the new covenant are represented, sealed, and ap- 
plied’to believers.f | 


What is a sacrament here said{ and applied in the sacra- 
to be? Menten x 

What kind of an ordinance is$To whom are Christ and the 
a sacrament here said tobe?} benefits of the new covenant 

What is here said to be a} represented, sealed, and ap- 


holy ordinance ? plied ? 
By whom were the sacraments} How many things are repre- 
instituted ? sented, sealed, and auplied 
What did Christ do? in the sacraments ? 
What © were instituted by{What is the first thing here 
Christ ? said to be represented, seal- 
What are represented in the} ed, and applied in the sacra- 
sacraments ? ments ? 


In what are Christ and the} What is the second? 
benefits of the new covenant} How many things are here 
represented ? stated as being done in the 
By what are Christ and theben-$ sacraments regarding Christ 
efits of the new covenant re-? and the benefits of the new 
presented in the sacraments ?} covenant? 
By what kind of signs are} What is the first? 
Christ and the benefits of } What is the second? 
the new covenant represent- { What is the third ? 


ed in the sacraments 2 To whom are Christ and the 
What is done in the sacra-; benefits of the new covenant 
ments by sensible signs ? represented, sealed, and ap- 


What are represented, sealed, plied in the sacraments ? 


a 

92. A holy ordinunce, A rite, or observance, set apart for religious 
purposes.—Jnstituied, At first established, and appointed to be observ- 
ed.— Wherein, In which.—Sensible signs, Symbols, tokens, or typical 
representations ; such as water, bread, and wine, which may be received 
by the bodily senses.—Beve fits, Privileges and blessings.—New core- 
mant, Covenant of grace, or the new agreement entered into betwixt 
God and Christ in behalf of sinners.— Represented, Seen by a figure, or 
typical representation, in which their use and characters are explained. 
-—Sealed, Confirmed, or ratified.— Applied to believers, Bestowed upon, 
and given to all who believe in Jesus Christ . 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 75 


* Mat. 26:26. And as they were eating Jesus took bread and blessed 
{t, and brake it, and gave it to his disciples and said, take, eat; this is 
my body, Mat. 23: 19.—tJohn 6: 56,57, He that eateth my flesh and 
drinketh my blood, dwelleth in me, and I in him. As the living Father 
hath sent me, and I live by the Father, so he that eateth me, even he 
shall live by me. . Rom. 4: I1. 


Q. 93. Which are the sacraments of the New Testament ? 
A. The sacraments of the New Testament are Bap- 
tism,* and the Lord’s Supper.t ' 


What are baptism and the{What are the sacraments of 


Lord’s Supper called? {the New Testament? 
What sacraments are baptism $ What supper is a sacrament ? 
and the Lord’s Supper ? How many New Testament 


Jf what Testament are bap-$ sacraments are there? 

tism and the Lord’s Supper} What is the first ? 

sacraments ? -  $ What is the second ? 

* Mark 16: 16. He that believeth and is baptized, shall be saved. 
Mat. 23: 19.—f 1 Cor. LL: 23. I have received of the Lord that which 
also I delivered unto you, that the Lord Jesus, the same night on which 
he was betrayed, tool bread. v. 24, 26, 


Q. 94. What is baptism ? 

A. Baptism is a sacrament, wherein the washing with 
water, in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of 
the Holy Ghost,* doth signify and seal our ingrafting into 
Christ,¢ and partaking of the benefits of the covenant of 
grace, and our engagement to be the Lord’s.} 


In what sacrament is water} ing with water used in bap- 


used ? gy tism ? i j 
In what manner is water used} What is done in haptism, to 
in baptism ? signify and seal our ingraft- 


With what are the objects of} ing into Christ? 
baptism washed, or sprin-$ What does the washing with 


kled ? water in baptism do. be- 
In whose name are they wash-{ sides sealing these things ? 
ed or sprinkled ? What does it do, besides sig- 


For what purpose is the wash-; — nifying them ? 


93. New Testament, Gospel dispensation. ‘ 

94. Doth signify, Shows, or exhibits by a figure. —Sea/, Confirms.— 
Ingrafting into Christ, Being joined to Christ as our head. and receiv- 
ing all our nourishment frem him, as a branch does from the tree.— 
Partaking, Receiving a part.—Covenant of grace, Agreement of love 
and favor betwixt God and Christ on man’s behalf.—Lgagement, En- 
tering the service, and becoming bound. 


76. EXERCISES ON THE 


What does the washing with{In the name of how many per- 
water in baptism signify} sons are we baptized? 


and seal ? What is the first person in 
Into whom are we ingrafted ? whose name we are bap 
What signities and seals this tized? 
ingraftimg into Christ ? What is the second ? 
Of what do we partake ? What is the third? 
Of what benefits do we par-} Hew many things are signified 
take ? and sealed by the washing 
Of the benefits of what cove-} with water in baptism? 
nant do we partake ? What is the first thing here 


What signifies and seals our} mentioned, as being signifi- 
partaking of the benefits of { ed and sealed in baptism ? 


the covenant of grace? What is the second ? 
What engagement do we make { What is the third ? 

in haptism ? How many things does the 
Whose do we engage to be? washing with water in bap- 


Who engage to be the Lord’s?} tism do, with respect to 

In what do we engage to be} these three things ? 
the Lord’s? ‘ What is the first ? 

What is it which signifies and} What is the second ? ' 
seals our engagement to be{In what are these things signi- 
the Lord’s ? fied and sealed ? 

* Mat. 23: 19. Baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the 
Son, and of the Holy Ghost.—f Gal. 3: 27, As many of you as have 
beeu baptized into Christ have pvt on Christ. Rom. 6: 3.—! Rom. 6: 4. 
We are buried with him by baptism into death; that like as Christ was 
raised up from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also 
snuuld walk in newness of life. 

Q. 95. To whom is baptism to be administered ? 

A. Baptism is not to ve administered to any that are 
out of the visible church, till they profess their faith in 
Christ,* and obedience to him ; but the infantst of such as 
are members of the visible church are to be baptized. 
What is here said of those who} _ tered to them? 


are out of the visible church ?$To whom is laptism not to 
What is not to he adminis-{ be administered ? 


95. Administered, Bestowed upon, or given.— Vistble church, Church 
of Christ as it appears in this lower world.—Profess, Publicly acknow- 
ledge aud declare.--F'aith in Christ, Belief in Christ as the Son of God, 
and the only Savior of sinnevs.—Odedience to him, Their determination 
to do all that he requires of them.—Are members, Already belong to the 
CY 5 amen Admitted into the church of God by the rite of 

aptis ." 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 77 


Out of what church ? What is to be done tc the in- 
What must those who are out fants of such as are niem- 
of the visible church do, be-{ bers of’ the visible church? 


fore they can be baptized? { Who are to be baptized ? 
In whom are they to profess{ How many things must they 
their faith ? who are out of the visible 
To whom are they to profess} church do, before they be 
obedience ? baptized ? 
To what are they entitled} What is the first ? 
when eit have professed } What is the second ? 


their faith in Christ and{ What are they who are out of 

obedience to him ? the visible church entitled 
Whose infants are to be bap-} to, after they have profess- 
tized? ed their faith in Christ, and 
Of what church? obedience to him ? 


* Acts 2:41. Then they that gladly received his word were baptiz- 
ed. ch. 8: 36, 37.—ftGen. 17: 7. [ will establish my covenant between 
me aud thee, and thy seed after thee, in their generations, for an ever- 
lasting covenant, to be a God unto thee, and to thy seed after thee. vy. 
10. Acts 2: 39. For the promise is unto you, and to your children, 
Luke 13: 16. Acts 16:33. Was baptized, he and all his, straightway. 


Q. 96. What ts the Lord’s Supper ? 

A. The Lord’s Supper is a sacrament, wherein, by giv- 
ing and receiving bread and wine,* according to Christ’s 
appointment, his death is showed forth ;+ and the worthy 
receivers are, not after a corporal and carnal manner,t 
but by faith, made partakers of his body and blood, with 
all his benefits, to their spiritual nourishment and growth 
in grace.§ 

ie ees ee OE EE 


96. Appointment, Settled purpose and direction.— Showed Sorth, Ex- 
hibited in a figurative manner.—7he worthy receivers, Those who are 
the people of God, and partake of the ordinance in a proper disposition 
and manner.—Corporal, Mere outward or bodily. —Curnal, Gross or 
fleshly.—By faith, An inward, spiritual, and figurative manner, pro- 
duced by a firm and unshaken belief in the truth of what the ordinance 
represents.—Made partakers of his body and blood, They receive, in 
the bread and wine, as symbols, an assurance and foretaste of the bless- 
ings purchased for them by his sufferings and death.— His benefits, The 
blessings and privileges which he bestows on his’ people.—7'o their 
spiritual nourishment, In order to comfort, strengthen, and support 
their souls.—Growth in grace, To ake them become more and more 
like unto God, and to increase and strengthen in all the holy dispositions 
implanted in them by the Holy Ghost. 

7 


78 
What is the Lord’s Supper 


here said to he? 

What supper is a sacrament ? 

What are the elements used in 
the Lord’s Supper ? 

In what are bread and wine 
used as elements ? 

What is done with the bread 
and wine in the Lord’s Sup- 
per ? 

What are given and received ? 

In what are bread and wine 
given and received ? 

Why are bread and wine used 
in the Lord’s Supper ? 

By whose appointment is this 
done ? 

What is showed forth in 
giving and _ receiving 
bread and wine, in the 
crament of the Supper? 

In what is Christ’s death 
showed forth ? 

What do the giving and re- 
ceiving of bread and wine 
in the Supper do, in respect 
to Christ’s death ? 

Of what are the worthy re- 
ceivers of the Supper spiritu- 
ally made partakers ? 

Who are in the Supper made 
artakers of Christ and his 
renefits ? 

The worthy receivers of what? 

By what are the worthy re- 
ceivers of the sacrament 
made partakers of Christ 
aid his benefits ? : 

Of what are they made par- 
takers by faith? 

In what manner are they not 
made partakers of Christ’s 
hody and blood ? 


Of what do they not partake in 


the 
of 


$a- 


EXERCISES ON THE 


a corporal or carnal manner? 
What are the worthy receivers 
of the Supper made by faith 
artakers of, hesides Christ’s 
ody and blood ? 

Of whose benefits do worthy 
receivers partake ? 

By what do worthy receivers 
in the Supper partake of 
Christ’s benefits ? 

How many of Christ’s bene- 
fits do worthy communi- 
cants, by faith, partake of in 
the Lord’s Supper ? 

To what does the partaking 
of the Lord’s Supper tend, 
with respect to the worthy 
communicants ? 

To whose nourishment does 
the partaking of the Lord’s 
Supper tend 

What kind of nourishment is 
in the Supper derived by the 
believer ? 

What tends to the spiritual 
nourishment of the believer ? 

To what does worthily partak- 
ing of the Lord’s Supper 
dend, besides the spiritual 
nourishment of the believer ? 

To his growth in what ? 

To whose growth in grace ? 

What tends to the believer’s 
growth in grace? 

How many kinds of elements 
are used in the sacrament of 
the Supper ? 

What is the first element 
used in the Lord’s Supper ? 

What is the second? 

How many things are done 
with these elements in the 
Lord’s Supper ? 

What is the first thing here 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 79 


mentioned, as being done$ worthy communicants par- 

with the elements in the{ také hy faith? 

Lord’s Supper ? What is the second ?. 

What is the second ? How many things are here 

How many things does the’ mentioned as resulting to 
worthy receiver, by faith,; the worthy communicant ? 
partake of in the ordinance} What is the first thing here 
of the Supper? mentioned, as resulting from 

What is the first thing here} worthily communicating ? 
mentioned, of which the} What is the second? 

* Luke 22: 19, 20, He took bread, and gave thanks and brake it, and 
gave unto them, saying, This is my body which is given for you: this do 
in remembrance of me. Likewise also the cup after supper, saying, 
This cup is the new testament in my blood, which is shed for you.—f lL 
Cor, 11: 26. As often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do 
show the Lord’s death till he come.—1 1 Cor. 10: 16. The cup of bles- 
sing which we bless, is it not the communion of the blood of Christ 2 
the bread which we break, is it not the communion of the body of 
Christ ?—§ John 6: 35, 51, 55, 

, Q. 97. What is required to the worthy receiving of the 
Lord's Supper ? 

A. It is required of them that would worthily partake 
of the Lord’s Supper, that they examine* themselves of 
their knowledge to discern the Lord’s body,} of their 
faitht to feed upon him, of their repentance, love, and 
new obedience ;§ lest, coming unworthily, they eat and 
drink judgment! to themselves. 


Who are required to examine} What are they required to do, 


themselves ? who would worthily par- 
They who would worthily par-} take of the Lord’s Supper ? 
take of what? ; Whom are they to examine ? 


97. Worthily partake of, Receive in a proper manner.—LE'ramine, 
Search, and carefully try.—Discern the Lord’s body, Perceive and un- 
derstand that the symbols of bread and wine represent the broken body 
and shed blood of Jesus Christ.—Faith to feed upon him, Ability to 
look above those symbols, and .to contemplate the crucified Redeemer 
as their Savior, in such a manner as that their souls shall be refreshed 
and strengthened.— Repentance, True sorrow for, and determination to 
forsake all sin.—Love, Gratitude and affection to God, for Jesus Christ 
and his salvation.— New obedience, Sincere and earnest endeavors to do 
all which he has commanded, from a pure principle of love to himself 
and desire to glorify him.—Unworthily, In a thoughtless, careless, or 
improper manner.—Eat and drink judgment to themselves, Expose 
themselves to the anger and punishment of God, by impiously, and with- 


out preparation, engaging in 


80 


Of what are they to examine} What is most likely to 


themselves ? 

What are they to discern ? 

By what are they to discern 
the Lord’s body ? 

What are they required to do 
with respect to their know- 
ledge ? 

What should they discern by 
their knowledge ? 

Of what are they to examine 
themselves, besides their 
knowledge ? 

Of what are they to examine 
themselves with respect to 
their faith ? 

On whom are they to feed ? 

In what do they feed upon 
Christ? 

By what do communicants 
feed upon Christ? 

Of what are communicants 
to examine themselves, be- 
sides their knowledge and 
faith ? 

What kind of obedience is 
that of which communicants 
are to examine themselves ? 

What is here stated as the 

robable consequence of neg- 
ecting self-examination ? 

To what may they come un- 
worthily ? 

*1 Cor, 11: 28. 


EXERCISES ON THE 


re 
vent this coming ‘nworthily 
to the Lord’s Supper? 

What is the cane of 
coming unworthily to the 
Lord’s Supper ? 

What do they eat and drink to 
themselves ? 

Who cat and drink judgment 
to themselves ? ; 

O; how many things are com- 
municants to examine them- 
selves? | 

What is the first thing as to 

_ which communicants should 
examine themselvcs ? 

Of what are they to examine 
themselves with respect to 
their knowledge? 

What is the second thing as 
to which communicants are 
to examine themselves ? 

Of what are they to examine 
themselves with respect to 
their faith ? : 

What is the third thing of 
which communicants should 
examine themselves ? 

What is the fourth ? 

What is the fifth ? 

What are they to examine 
with, respect to their obedi- 
ence ? 


Let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of 


that bread, and drink of that cup.—f 1 Cor. 11: 29. He that eateth and 
drinketh unworthily, eateth and drinketh damnation (marg. judgment) 
to himself, not discerning the Lord’s body.—i 2 Cor. 13: 5. Examine 


yourselves whether ye be in the faith.—$1 Cor. 5: 8. 


Lam. 3: 40.—|| 1 Cor. 11: 31. 
not be judged. y. 27, 29. 


Q. 98. What is prayer ? 


1 John 4: 8. 


If we would judge ourselves, we should 


A. Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto God for 
things agreeable to his will,* in the name of Christ,] 
ET 


03. An offering up, A making known, or presenting. —Desires, Wish 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 81 


with confession} of our sins, and thankful acknowledg- 
ment of his mercies.$ 

What do we offer up in prayer ?{ In whose name are we to pray? 
To whom do we offer up our What are we to do in Christ's 


desires in prayer ? 

‘For what do we offer up our 
desires to God? 

In whose name do we offer up 
our desires ? 
What are to accompany the 
offering up of our desires ? 
What is the offering up of our 
desires called? 

What is done with our desires 
in prayer ? 

Whose desires are offered up 
In prayer ? 

To whom must our desires be 
offered up in prayer? 

What must be offered up to 
God iu prayer ? 

‘For what are we in prayer to 
offer up our desires to God ? 

To what must the things we 
ask in prayer be agreeable ? 

What must be agreeable to 
God’s will ? 


name ? 

With what are we to accom- 
pany the offering up of our 
desires to God? 

What are we to confess? 

In what are we to confess our 
sins? 

Whose sins are we to confess ? 

What are we to do in prayer, 
besides offering up our de- 
sires, and making confession 
of our sin? wi 

What are we thankfully to 
acknowledge ? 

Whose mercies are we to ac- 
knowledge ? 

In what are we to acknowledge 
God’s mercies ? 

What kind of acknowledgment 
are we to make of God’s 
mercies in prayer ? 

Who are thankfully to ac- 
knowledge God's mercies ? 


*1 John 5: 14, If we ask any thing according to his will, he heareth 


us.—f John 16: 23. 


Whatsoever ye shatl ask the Father in my name, 
he will give it you.—! Dan. 9: 4. 


I prayed unto the Lord my God, 


and made my confessiun.—§ Phil. 4: 6. By prayer and supplication, 
with thanksgiving, let your requests be known unto God. 


Q. 99. What rule hath God given for our direction in 


prayer ? 


A. The whole word of God is of use to direct us in 


prayer ;* but the special rule of direction is that form of 
prayer which Christ taught his disciples, commonly call- 
ed the Lord’s prayer.t 


es or the earnest longings of our souls.— Things agreeable to his will, 
Such things as he sees to be goad for us, and which he is willing to be- 
stow. —In the name, For the sake. —Con fession, Humble owuing, orac- 
knowledging.—Thankful acknowledgment of his mercies, Gratefully 
confessing our sense of God’s goodness in bestowing so many blessing 

Upon us. 


82 EXERCISES ON THE 


What is of use to direct us inf By whom was this prayer 


prayer? ‘ : taught? ; : 
Whose word is of use to di-}What did Christ teach his 
rect us in prayer? disciples ? 


How much of the Word of }What kind of prayer is the 
God is of use to direct us in} “Lord's prayer here called ? 
“heehee i What is this form of prayer 

To what is the Word of God} said to be? 
here said to be of use? In what is this form a special 

What is the special rule of} rule of direction? , 
direction in prayer which} What kind of a rule of direc- 
has been given us? tion is this prayer ? 

Who were first taught the} What is this prayer common- 
Lord’s prayer ? ly called ? 

*John 15: 7. If ye abide in me, and my words abide in you, ye shall 
ask what ye will, and it shall be done unto you. 1 Joha 5: 14.—f Mat. 
6: 9. After this manner therefore pray ye, ‘Our Father,’ &c. 

Q. 100. What doth the preface of the Lords prayer teach 
us ? 

A. The preface of the Lord’s prayer, (which is, “ Our 
Father which art in heaven,”) teacheth us to draw near 
to God with all holy reverence and confidence* as chil ° 
dren to a father,} able and ready to help us;{ and tha 
we should pray with and for others.§ 


Repeat the preface to, the{ draw near to God? 


Lord’s prayer. To whom are we to draw neat 
Who is in heaven ? with reverence and confi- 
Whose Father is in heaven ? dence ? 

Where is our Father? What teaches us to draw near 
To whom does this preface} to God with reverence and 
teach us to draw near ? confidence ? 
What teaches us to draw near} With what kind of reverence 
tu God ? and confidence ought we to 
What are we to do with res-} draw near to God? 
pect to God? As what are we to draw near 


In what manner are we to unto God ? 


ee 

99. Word of God, Bible.—Of use, Useful.—Dérect, Guide or in- 
struct.—Special, Particular.—Rule of direction, Standard for our help 
and imitation.—F'orm, Model, or example.—Disciples, Scholars, or 
followers.— Commonly cadied, Generally named. 

100. Preface of, Introduction to.—Drar near to God, Come into the 
presence of God in the exercise of prayer.—Holy reverence, Sincere 
and pious ge and awe.—Con fidence, A firm trust and reliance on 
his mercy.—With, In company with.—¥For, In behalf of. 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


What 1s God able to do? 
What 1s Ged here said to he, 
hesides being able to’ help 


us? 

vic able and ready to help 
us 

In what character is God able 
and ready to help us? 

With whom should we pray ? 

What are we here taught to 
do, besides praying with 
others ? ‘ 

What teaches us to pray with 
and for vihers ? 

How many dispositions of 
mind are here required of us 


83 


What is the first disposiuon 
of mind here required of us 
in our approaches unto God ? 

What is the second ? 

How many things are here 
stated with respect to God, 
as our Father, helping us ? 

What is the first thing here 
stated respecting God, and 
his helping us? 

What is the second ? 

How many thiugs are here 
stated with respect to our 
duty to others in the matter 
of prayer? 

What is the first ? 


in our approaches unto God ?} What is the second ? 
* Eph, 3: 12. In whom we have boldness and access with confidence 


by the faith of him. Ps. 145: 19.—f Rom. 8: 15. Ye have received 
the spirit of adoption, whereby we cry, Abba, Father.—! Eph. 3: 20. 
Unto him who is able to do exceeding abundantly above all that wé ask 
or think. Mat. 7: 11.—$1 Tim. 2: 1. I exhort, therefore, that, first 
‘of all, supplications, prayers, intercessions, and giving of thanks, be 
made for all men. Acts 12: 12. Many were gathered together, praying. 


Q. 101. What do we pray for in the first petition ? 

A. In the first petition, which is, “ Hallowed be thy 
name,” we pray that God would enable us and others 
to glorify him,* in all that whereby he maketh himself 
known, and that he would dispose all things to his own 


glory.t 


Repeat the first petition. 
Whose name is here meant? 


Whom are we and others to 
glorify ? 


What are we to do to God’s$ What are we and others to do 


name? 
What is to be hallowed ? 


to God ? 
What do we pray God to do, 


What do we, in this petition, 
whet that God would do? 
o are to glorify him ? 


that we and others may glo- 
rify him ? 


101. Petition, wr) hind cp afiare a Sanctified, or holy.—Exadle, 
Effectually help.—Glorify him, Show forth his glory.—Whereby, By 
which.—Maketh himself known, Reveals himself and his doings to h's 
rational creatures.— Dispose, Arrange and regulate.—7'o his orn glory, 
- promote his designs, and make known the glory of his infinite per- 
ections, } , 


84 EXERCISES ON THE 


Who must enable us and oth-{ would dispose to his own 
ers to do this? glory ? 

In what are we to glorify God ?{'To what is God to dispose all 

What are we to do to God in} things? 

all that wherehy he maketh} To whose glory? 

himself known ? ¢ How many things.do we pray 
For what else do we pray ing God to dispose to his own 

this petition, besides asking} glory? » 

God to help us to glorify} Whom do we desire to dispose 

him ? ‘ of all things to his own 
What do we pray that God} glory? 

* Ps, 51:15. O Lord. open thou my lips; and my mouth shall show 
forth thy praise. Ps. 67: 3. Let the people praise thee. O God; let 
a nee 5 praise thee.—t John 2: 23. Father, glorify thy name. 

om. : . 


Q. 102. What do we pray for in the second petition 2 

A. In the second petition, which is, “Thy kingdom 
come,” we pray, that Satan’s kingdom may be destroy- 
ed ;* and that the kingdom of grace may be advanced,t 
ourselyest and others§ brought into it, and kept in it; 
and that the kingdom of glory may be hastened. || 


Repeat the second petition. That whose kingdom may he 
What do we, in the second{ destroyed? 
petition, pray may come? {What kingdom do we in this 
Whose kingdom ? petition desire to be ad~ 
What do we, in the second} vanced? 
petition, pray for, with re-{What do we desire with re- 
ae to the kingdom of} spect tothe promotion of the 


x0 ? ; ; ; kingdom of grace? _ 
Who has a kingdom in this} What else do we, in this peti- 
world, hesides God ? tion, desire with respect to 


What do we pray, in the se-} the kingdom of grace, be- 
cond petition, with respect} sides that it may be ad- 
to Satan’s kingdom? vanced ? 

What kingdom do we desire} Whom do we desire may be 
should he destroyed ? brought into it ? 


IT 

102, Sutan’s kingdom, The power and dominion of the devil In this 
world.—Destroyed, Put an end to.—Kingdom of grace, Dominion of 
Christ in the hearts of men by the gracious influence of the Holy Spi- 
rit.— Advanced, Brought forward, and make greater progress toward 
perfection. —Kingdom of glory, Glorious reign of Christ with his pso- 
ple in heaven after the last day.—Hastened, Made to come with greater 
speed, and in a short time. 


i 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 


ynto what do we desire that 
we and others’ may be 
brought ? 

What do we desire for our- 
selves and others, with res- 

éct to the kingdom of grace, 
resides being brought into it? 

In what do we desire to be 
kept? 

About what other kingdom do 
we in this petition pray, he- 
sides Satan’s raueiniih and 
the kingdom of grace ? 

What do we, in this petition, 


pray for, with respect to the} 
Let God arise, let his enemies be scattered ; let them 


* Ps, 63's) 1; 


85 


kingdom of glory ? 

What do we desire may be 
hastened ? 

What do we, in this petition, 
pray may be hastened ? 

How many kingdoms are here 
mentioned ? 

What is the first kingdom here 
mentioned ? 

What is the second ? 

What is the third? 

In what petition do we pray 
for the downfall of Satan’s 
kingdom, and the advance- 
ment of Christ’s ? 


also that hate him flee before him.—t Is. 62: 7. Give him (the Lord) 

no rest, till he establish, and till he make Jerusalen.: a praise in the earth, 

—! Luke 23:42, Ps, 119: 117. Hold thou me up, and I shall be safe, 

and I will have respect unto thy statutes continually.—§$ Rom. 10: 1. 

Brethren, my heart’s desire and prayer to God for Israel 1s, that they 

might be saved. 1 Thes. 5: 23.—|] Rev. 22: 20. He whtich testifieth 

ie things saith, Surely I come quickly: Amen. Even so, come, Lord 
esus. 

Q. 103. What do we pray for in the third petition ? 

A. In the third petition, which is, “‘ Thy will be done 
in earth, as it is in heaven,” we pray, that God, by his 
grace, would make us able and willing to know, obey, 
and submit to his will in all things,* as the angels do in 
heaven. 

Repeat the third ‘petition. 

What do we desire should he 
done on earth ? 

Where do we desire God’s 
will ta he done ? 

In what manner do we desire 
God’s will to be done on 
earth ? 

What is done in heaven ? 

What do we in this petition 


pray for, with respect to 

the knowing, obeying, and 

submitting to the will of 

God ? 

Who can make us able and 
willing to do these things ? 
What do we pray that God 
would make us,  hesides 
giving us ability.to do these 

things ? 

103. Grace, Favor, and help.—7'o Anow, Honestly aud diligently to 
use the means by which we shall become acquainied with his will,— 
Obey, Faithfully and constantly to do all that we know to be his will.— 
Submit to his will in all things, Cheerfully to yield to, and patiently 
oear up under all his dispensations. 


86 


EXERCISES ON THE 


What do we pray that. God {What is it that the angels de 


would make us, 


besides } 


in heaven ? 


making us willing to do}Where do the argels know 


these things 2 
What do we, in this petition, 
pray that God would make 
us able and willing to do? 
What are we to know? 
Whose will ure we to know ? 
What do we in this petition 
spire: besides the being 


able and willing to know the }” 


will of God? 

What are we to obey ? 

Whose will are we to obey ? 

What do we in this petition 
request, besides the being 
ida and willing to know 
and obey the will of God? 

To what are we to submit ? 

To whose will are we to sub- 
mit ? a 

In what are we to know, obey, 
and submit to the will of 
God ? 

What are we to do in all 
things? 

Like whom are we to know, 
obey, and submit to the will 
of God? 


obey, and submit to the will 
of God? 

Who know, obey, and submit 
to the will of God in hea- 
ven? 

How many things do we, in 

this petition, ask of God, 

with respect to knowing, 
obeying, and submitting to 
his will? 

What is the first ? 

What is the second ? 

With respect to how many 
things do we, in this peti- 
tion, ask God to make us 
able and willing ? 

What is the first thing with 
respect to which we ask 
God to make us able and 
willing? 

What is the second ? 

What is the third ? 

In which petition do we pray 
that God would make us 
able and willing to know, 
obey, and submit to his 
will? 


* Ps. 119: 35. Make me to goin the path of thy beng! pra > ° 


Acts 21: 4. The will of the Lord be done. 


Ps. 67: 


Q. 104. What do we pray for in the fourth petition ? 


A. In the fourth petition, which is, 
our daily vread,” we pray, 


‘Give us this day 
that of God’s free gift we 


may receive a competent portion of the good things of 
this life,* and enjoy his blessing with them.+ 


Repeat the fourth petition. 


What bread do we here ask ? 


What do we here desire God} For what period do we ask 


to give us? 


this daily bread ? 


104. Free gift, Goodness in freely giving what we have no right to 


demaml.—Competent portion, 
Happily possess.— His Olessing, 


Moderate and suitable part.—Lajoy, 
His friendship and love. 


SHORTER CATECHISM. 87 


@yom whom do we ask our 
daily bread ? ray ? 

For whom do we ask daily {For what kind of a portion of 
bread ? the good things of this life 

What do we in this petition} do we pray? 
mean, when we say, ‘Give’; Of what do we ask a compe- 
us our daily bread ? tent portion ? 

For what do we, in this peti-} Of what good things do we 
tion, pray, when we ask for ' ask a competent portion ? 
“bread ?”? Of what things of this life do 


things of this life do we here 


For what do we, in this peti-{ we ask a competent portion ? 
tion, pray, when we ask for} Of the good things of what life 
“daily” bread ? do we ask a competent por- 


What do we, in this petition,s tion? P 
ask, besides a competent}What do we here ask with 
portion of the good things} respect to a competent por- 


of this life? tion of the gvod things of 
Whose free gift are the good’ this life? 
things of this life ? What do we here desire along 


What kind of a gift are the} with a competent portion of 
good things of this life call-$ the good things of this life? 
ed? ‘Whose blessing do we request 

What do we here pray for of § in this petition? 

God’s free gift? What do we desire with re- 
For what good things do we} spect to God’s blessing ? 

here pray ? With what do we desire to 

For how much of the good} enjoy God’s blessing? 

* Prov. 30: 8. Feed me with food convenient for me.—t Prov. 10; 22, 

Q. 105. What do we pray for in the fifth petition ? 

A. In the fifth petition, which is, ‘“ And forgive us our 
debts, as we forgive our debtors,” we pray, that God, for 
Christ’s sake,* would freely pardon all our sins ;} which 
we are the rather encouraged to ask, because by his grace 
we are enabled from the heart to forgive others.t 


Repeat the fifth petition. Whom do we desire to forgive 
What do we here desire may} us our debts? 
he forgiven ? In what manner do we desire 
Whose delits do we desire tof that our debts may be for- 
be forgiven? i $ given? 


pA se RRP TNR 2 a Soe RIO SL A cn | 

105. Our debts, The punishment which we owe to God’s justice on 
ecount of our sins.—Our debtors, Those who have injured or trespas- 
ed against us.—Free/y, Frankly of his independent goodness.—En- 
suraged, Emboldened and incited.—E'nabled, Successfully helped.— 
®rom the heart, Sincerely and with all our heart. 


88 : EXERCISES ON THE 


What are we to forgive ? $ pardon all our sins? 
Whose debtors are we to for-; For whose sake do we entres 
give? God to pardon all our sins ? 
What are we to do to our{What do we pray that Gor 
debtors ? would do for Christ's sake’ 
What do we, in this petition, } What are: we enabled to do by 
desire to be done to us,}  God’s grace? 
which we do to our debtors !} What does God’s grace do ta 
What do we here pray that; us 2 
God would pardon? What are we enabled to do 
What do we pray God to doto} unto others? 


our sins ? In what manner are, we ena- 
Whose sins do we here en-$ bled to forgive others ? 
tieat God to pardon? How are we enabled to forgive 


How many ofour sins do we} __ others from the heart? 
pray that God would par-{ What does God's enabling us - 
don ? to forgive others do? 

In what manner do we here} What are we encouraged to 
desire that God would par-3 do? 
don our sins ? What encourages us to ask 

Whom do we here desire to} God to forgive us our sins? 
* Eph. 1: 7, In whom we have redemption through his blood, the 

forgiveness of sins, according to the riches of his grace.—} Ps. 51: L. 

Have mercy upon me, O God, according to thy loving kindness; accor-- 

diug unto the multitude of thy tender mercies blot out my transgres- 

sions. Hosea 14: 2.—! Mat. 6: 14. Ifye forgive men their trespasses, 

your heavenly Father will also forgive you. Mat. 13: 35. 

Q. 106.. What do we pray for in the sixth petition ? 

A. In the sixth petition, which is, “ And lead us not 
into tempiation, but deliver us from evil,’ we pray, that 
God would either keep us from being tempted to sin,* or 
support and deliver us when we are tempted.f 


Repeat tle sixth petition. } tation? ; 
lato what do we pray that we} From what do we desire to be 
may not be led? delivered ? 
Who are not to be led into} Who delivers us from evil ? 
temptation ? Who do we desire should be 
Who do we desire may keep} delivered from evil? 
us from heing led into temp- 
ee 
106. J'emptation, A situation in which we may be inclined or per- 
suaded to sin.—Deliver us from evil, Save us from being guilty of any 
jinproper or sinful act, and also from the snares of the evil one.— 
Yempted, Enticed or persuaded.—Support, Preserve us from falling.— 
Deliver us, Rescue us from the danger of our situation. 


SHORTER CATECHISM, 


Whe keeps us from being} 


terapted to sin? 

From ‘what do we 
God would keep us ? 

From being tempted to what? 

For what do we in this peti- 
tion pray, besides being kept 
from temptation ? 

What do we pray that God 
would do when at any time 
we are tempted ? 

Who do we desire may be 
supported when under temp- 
tation ? 

Whom do we desire to sup- 

ort us in temptation ? 

What do we, in this petition, 
desire God to do when we 
are, tempted, besides sup- 
porting us? ; 
* Mat. 26: 41. Watch and pray, 


them not have dominion over me. 


89 


From what do we pray that 
God would deliver us ? 


pray that; Who can support and deliver 


us from temptation ? 

How many things are here 
stated as included in this 

etition ? 

What is the first thing includ- 
ed in this petition ? 

What is the second ? 

How many things are desired 
in case of our being tempted ? 

What is the first thing which 
we desire in this petition, 
when under temptation ? 

What is the second ? 

In what circumstances do we 
ask God to support and de- 
liver us ? 


that ye enter not into temptation.— 
t Ps. 19: 13, Keep back thy servant also from 
Ps, 119):°133 


presumptuous sins; let 


Q. 107. What doth the conclusion of the Lord’s prayer 


teach us ? 


A. The conclusion of the Lord’s prayer, which is, “For 


thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for 
ever, Amen,” teacheth us to take our encouragement. 
in prayer from God only,* and in our prayers to praise 
him, ascribing kingdom, power, and glory to him.} And, 
in testimony to our desire and assurance to be heard, we 
say, Amen.} 


. j 
Repeat the conclusion of the$ ascribed to God ? 


Lord’s prayer. 
Whose is the kingdom ? 


From whom are we to take 
encouragement ? 


What are here said to be God’s}In what are we to take our 


besides the kingdom ? 


encouragement ? 


For what period should king-} Who are to take their encour- 
dom, power, and glory be}. agement from God in prayer? 


107, Conclusion, The last part, or ending.—Encouragement, Incite- 
ments and confidence.— Ascribing, Acknowledging to be his due, and 
attributing.—In testimony, As a proof —Desire, Sincere wish.—Assu- 
rance, Certain ee and belief.—Amen, So be it, or let it be. 


90 


> 
From whom are we to take 
encouragement in prayer? 
What are we to take from God 
only ? Pe 
What are we to do to God in 
our prayers ? 


Who are to praise God in: 


their prayers ? 

Whom are we to praise ? 

In what are we to praise God? 

What are we to ascribe ? 

To. whom are we to ascribe 
kingdom, power, and glory ? 

Who are to ascribe kingdom, 
power; and glory to God ? 

In what are we to ascribe 
kingdom, power, and glory 
to God? 

What do we say at the con- 
clusion of our prayers ? 

For what reason do we add 
the word ‘‘Amen” to our 
prayers ? 

In testimony of what is it that 
we say, ‘Amen ?” 

What do we. say in testimony 
of our desire ! Bs 


EXERCISES ON THE SHORTER CATECHISM. 


say “Amen,” hesides this 
testimony of our desire ? 

What do we say in assurance 
of being neand ? 

How many things are, in this 
conclusion, ascribed unto 
God? 

What is the first thing here 
ascribed to God ? 

What is the second ? 

What is the third? 

In what are kingdom, power, 
and glory, ascribed to God ? 


How many things does this . 
) 5 


the Lord’s 


conclusion of 
‘prayer teachus? 
What is the first thing which 
the conclusion of the Lord’s 
rayer teachesus? , 
What is the second ? 
How many things are intended 
to be expressed by the word 
«“ Amen,” at the close of our 
rayers ?. 
What is the first thing intend- 
ed to be expressed by the 
word “ Amen ?” 


For-what other purpose do we} What is the second ? 


%* Dan. 9: 18. We do not present our supplications before thee for | 
great mercies.—t | Chron. 29: 10, in. 


our righteousness, but for thy 


Wherefore David blessed the Lord before all the congregation : and Da- 
vid said, Blessed be thou, Lord God of Israel our Father, forever and 
ever. Thine, O Lord, is the greatness, and the power, and the glory, 


and the victory, and the majesty : for all that is in heaven and in earth) 
is thine: thine is the kingdom, O Lori, and thou artexalted as head 
above all.—! Ps. 106: 48, Let all the people say, Amen, 


9 THE END. 


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